| 不同汞暴露水平地区鱼组织中汞和硒及其它元素的相关性 |
| 摘要点击 1321 全文点击 1388 投稿时间：2003-10-01 修订日期：2004-01-07 |
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| 中文关键词 鱼 汞 硒 微量元素 相关性 |
| 英文关键词 fish mercury selenium trace elements correlation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 用仪器中子活化分析法测定了贵州汞污染地区和北京地区(对照)鱼肝脏和肌肉组织中硒及其它多种元素的含量,用原子荧光法测定了样品中汞的含量,并对汞和硒及其它元素间的相关性进行了研究.结果发现,贵州和北京鱼样的绝大多数元素在肝脏和肌肉中的含量都存在显著性差异,且大多是肝脏中的含量大于肌肉中的含量.贵州汞污染地区鱼肝中的汞含量要比北京的高25倍,而前者鱼肌肉中的汞含量也要比后者高5倍,但未发现两地鱼样中的硒存在类似的差异.对鱼组织中所测定的其它大部分元素未见两地间存在显著性差异.在汞含量较低的情况下,鱼组织中汞与硒的摩尔比值随汞含量的增加而增加,但当汞含量增大到一定程度,汞与硒的摩尔比值的变化趋势就大大减弱,并趋于某一较高的恒定值(约0.2).研究同一元素在鱼肝和肌肉中的相关性,仅发现溴、铷2个元素在鱼肝和鱼肌肉中有较强的线性正相关.在贵州和北京两地的鱼肝和肌肉组织中,虽然有不少元素间存在一定的相关性,但贵州鱼肌肉的汞与硒之间存在的相关性最强,贵州鱼肝的汞与硒间也存在较强的相关性;而在北京鱼组织中,仅鱼肝的汞与硒之间存在一定的相关性,鱼肌肉的汞与硒之间却未见有相关性存在.这一结果再次证实了汞暴露水平越高,硒对汞毒性的拮抗作用越明显.观察到的鱼组织中钾与钠,铯与铷等元素间显著的相关性可能与它们具有相似的理化性质有关.另外,在贵州和北京的鱼肌肉组织中均观察到铁与锌之间具有很强的线性正相关,这可用这2种元素在动物体中不同的生物学功能及在一定条件下它们间存在的拮抗作用来给予适当的解释. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The contents of selenium and other elements in fish liver and muscle tissues collected from mercury polluted area of Wanshan, Guizhou province of China and non-known mercury polluted one of Beijing were determined with instrumental neutron activation analysis, and that of mercury was determined with atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The correlation among the determined elements, especially between mercury and selenium, in the fish tissues were studied. For most of the elements significant difference of elemental content was found between tissues of liver and muscle, and mostly the content in liver was higher than that in muscle. It was interesting to note that the average content of mercury in Guizhou fish liver was 25-fold higher than that in Beijing one, and 5-fold higher in Guizhou fish muscle than that in Beijing one. For most of the elements no significant difference on the average content was found between the same tissues of the two areas. The molar ratio of Hg/Se increased with the increasing of Hg content at the low Hg level, but the alteration trend became gently and reached to a higher constant value (about 0 2)at the higher Hg level. Only the element of bromine and rubidium was found to have strong linear correlation between the two different tissues of liver and muscle. Though certain correlation existed among the different elements of fish tissues from the two areas, the most significant and the closest one existed between the mercury and selenium of muscle tissue of Guizhou fishes. A closer correlation was also found between them of liver tissue of Guizhou fishes. As for Beijing fish tissues, the correlation of mercury and selenium only existed in liver but no correlation of them was found in muscle. Our results confirm the fact that a certain interaction exists between mercury and selenium in organisms including fish, and it is more evident as the mercury-exposed level is higher. Some significant correlation was also observed between other elements, such as potassium and sodium, cesium and rubidium, iron and zinc, in fish tissues and it could be well explained by their similar chemical and physical properties or their different biological functions. |
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