| 乙草胺和丁草胺在土壤中的移动性 |
| 摘要点击 1969 全文点击 2664 投稿时间：2000-10-10 |
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| 中文关键词 乙草胺 丁草胺 土壤薄层层析法 迁移行为 除草剂 表面活性剂 |
| 英文关键词 transferability herbicides surfactant soil thin layer chromatography |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用土壤薄层层析法研究乙草胺和丁草胺在土壤中的移动性以灌溉河水为展开剂,得到乙草胺和丁草胺在北京海淀壤土中的相对移动值Rf的平均值分别为0.121和0.031,在河北白洋淀砂壤土中的相对移动值Rf的平均值分别为0.147和0.032.采用不同的土壤试验,乙草胺的移动性存在一定的差异.说明乙草胺在土壤中的移动性与土壤的性质有关,特别是土壤有机质含量,土壤吸附性能越强,越不易移动.乙草胺属于移动性弱的农药品种,移动等级为Ⅱ级,丁草胺属于移动性很弱的农药品种,移动等级为I级乙草胺和丁草胺虽然同属于酰胺类除草剂,但是,由于它们的水溶解度的差异,它们在土壤中的移动性有较大的差别.以30mg·L-1的阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液(DDBS)和阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA)为展开剂,乙草胺在北京海淀壤土中的Rf的平均值分别为0.159和0.098.阴离子表面活性剂能够促进农药在土壤中的迁移,阳离子表面活性剂能够促进农药在土壤中的吸附,从而阻止农药在土壤中的迁移. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The transferability of acetochlor and butachlor in soil was studied by soil thin layer chromatography. Acetochlor and butachlor were dropped on the glass plate and spreaded soil on the glass plate was collected per 2cm, then acetochlor and butachlor were analyzed quantitatively by HPlC. When river water was as the spread solution, Rf (relative flow) of acetochlor and butachlor in the Haidian loam were 0 116 and 0031 respectively, R f of acetochlor and butachlor in the Baiyangdian sandy loam were 0 147 and 0 032 respectively. When 30mg·L-1 dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt solution was as the spread solution, Rf of acetochlor and butachlor in the Haidian loam were 0 159 and 0.034 respectively. Acetochlor's transferability was weak and the gradation of its transferability was Ⅱ grade, while butachlor's was more weak and the gradation was Ⅰ grade. Anionic surfactant solution can promote pesticides to transfer. Cationic surfactant solution can impede pesticides to transfer. |
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