| 天然有机高分子絮凝剂壳聚糖制备工艺的改进 |
| 摘要点击 2313 全文点击 2404 投稿时间：2000-11-16 |
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| 中文关键词 壳聚糖 絮凝剂 制备工艺 改进 |
| 英文关键词 chitosan flocculant preparation process amelioration |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 在壳聚糖的制备过程中,通过在稀酸脱钙阶段加入少量的助剂A,改过去室温浸泡16h～24h为30℃下搅拌3h,反应物质量比为10%HCl:助剂A:蟹(虾)壳=3.5:0.5:1;在浓碱脱乙酰基阶段加入少量助剂B,改过去115℃下反应6h为105℃下反应2h,反应物质量比为40%NaOH:助剂B:甲壳素=4:0.2:1,使壳聚糖的制备成本较原工艺下降了49%,制备时间缩短了1半,产品的主要性能参数(脱乙酰度、粘度、分子量等)均达到或超过美国Sigma公司同类产品(Chitosan,C-3646)的水平. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The modified process for preparing chitosan from crab or lobster shells was developed. In the decalcification stage, 10% HCl was used as soaking solution with addition of a small quantity of A as a promoter, and the mass ratio of reactants was 10% HCl∶A∶crab or lobster shells=3.5∶0.5∶1, continuously stirring the crab or lobster shells at 30℃ for 3h in place of simply soaking the crab or lobster shells at room temperature for 16～24h in the previous process. In the deacetylation stage, 40% NaOH solution was used with addition of a small quantity of B as a promoter, and the mass ratio of reactants was 40% NaOH:B∶chitin=4∶0.2∶1, keeping reaction at 105℃ for 2h in place of at 115℃ for 6h in the previous process. By this new process, the cost of the raw materials used for preparing chitosan was cut down 49% , the preparation time was shortened by one half, and the main properties of this chitosan such as viscosity, deacetylation and molecular weight all approached or exceeded those of the Sigma'commercial chitosan (Chitosan C-3646). |
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