| 木质素拌种对作物生长影响的初步研究 |
| 摘要点击 788 全文点击 1378 投稿时间：1995-02-06 |
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| 中文关键词 造纸废液 综合利用 木质素 拌种剂 |
| 英文关键词 lignin pulping waste waste recycle seed dressing agent wheat maize |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 我国每年中小造纸厂作为污染物排放掉的木质素有300万t以上,不仅使大量资源成为废物,而且造成严重的环境污染。为了变废为宝、综合利用。在农业上用木质素作为拌种剂。通过砂培、土培和田间小区试验确定了木质素的使用量为种子重量的0.4%,PH为7.8左右。大田试验条件同小区试验,结果表明木质素拌种可提高小麦种子的发芽率;促进根系发展,增加有效分蘖数;能提高抗旱、抗病虫害能力;增加穗粒数,提高千粒重和公顷产量。如小麦、玉米在山东、河北和北京几处的试验均增产10%以上。木质素拌种的生物效应与木质素从造纸废液中提取的方法、制浆原料产地、使用量、pH、作物品种和土壤肥力等有密切关系。从造纸废液中回收的木质素制成的拌种剂成本低、使用方便、无毒、可成为农业上一项可推广的实用技术。 |
| 英文摘要 |
| Lignin,extracted from the black liquor discharged from small and medium-sized pulp and paper mills,was used as a seed dressing agent to coat seeds at a rate of 0.4% by weight of seed and at PH 7.8,and the dressed seeds were grown in experimental plots containing a sand and soil culture and in fields. The results show that the seed dressing increased the rate of seed germination,accelerated the development of root systems,enhanced the effective tillering of wheat,increased the resistance to drought and to pests,the number of seeds in a single ear,and the weight per thousand seeds,and thus raised the yield. The treated wheat and maize grown in all experimental fields in Shandong and Hebei provinces and in Beijing were found to have an over 10% increase in yield as compared to control. The biological effects of seed dressing were found to be closely related to the process of extracting lignin from black liquor,the source of pulping raw materials,the rate of dressing agent used,the PH value of dressing solution,the variety of crops and the fertility of soil. The cost of lignin as a seed dressing agent is low due to its being from pulping waste and the dressing technology is quite simple,environmentally sound and easy to be diffused for agricultural purpose. |
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