| 光伏建设对草原矿区复垦土壤微生物群落的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1138 全文点击 5 投稿时间：2025-09-12 修订日期：2025-11-09 |
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| 中文关键词 光伏建设 微生物群落 共现网络 组装过程 矿区复垦 |
| 英文关键词 photovoltaic construction microbial community co-occurrence network assembly processes mine reclamation |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202509151 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| “生态修复+光伏发电”模式已成为传统矿区能源接续与生态修复的新范式，厘清光伏发电对复垦土壤微生物群落动态的影响，对草原矿区生态恢复及可持续发展至关重要. 为此，采集复垦区光伏板下（GF）、光伏板之间通道（BF）、未铺设光伏复垦区（RC）及未复垦沉陷区（CK）共40个0~20 cm表层土样，利用常规理化分析和16S rRNA扩增子高通量测序探测复垦土壤微生物群落结构、分子生态网络特征、关键菌群及其组装机制变化. 结果表明：①光伏建设与土地复垦对土壤理化性状影响显著（P<0.05）. 相比RC，光伏建设增加了复垦土壤的pH以及铵态氮（NH4+-N）和硝态氮（NO3--N）含量，降低了复垦土壤有机碳（SOC）和速效磷（AP）含量；②光伏建设对复垦土壤细菌群落α多样性具有显著性影响（P<0.05），与CK相比，RC处理组细菌α多样性指数总体提升；与RC相比，GF处理组细菌α多样性指数下降，但光伏建设与土地复垦对真菌群落丰富度和多样性无显著性影响. 不同处理组优势菌群在门水平上无显著性差异，但在目水平上存在显著性差异（P<0.05）. ③与CK相比，RC处理组细菌网络更加高效稳定；与RC相比，GF处理组细菌网络“多而杂”，抗干扰能力差，BF处理组网络复杂性较高，但稳定性较低. 真菌网络与细菌网络的表现截然不同，相比CK，RC处理组真菌网络稳定性下降；相比RC，光伏建设使真菌网络更加稳定. ④所有土壤细菌组装过程均由随机性过程主导，且随机性过程主要为不明确过程. 所有土壤真菌群落由随机性过程主导，CK与GF处理组主要为不明确过程，RC与BF处理组主要为扩散限制. 研究结果可为干旱半干旱草原矿区光伏建设与生态修复协同治理提供新见解. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The integrated model of “ecological restoration + photovoltaic power generation” has become a new paradigm for energy continuity and ecological restoration in traditional mining areas. Elucidating the impact of photovoltaic power generation on the dynamics of microbial communities in reclaimed soils is critical for ecological restoration and sustainable development in grassland mining areas. For this study， 40 topsoil samples （0-20 cm depth） were collected from four sites， namely， under photovoltaic panels （GF）， in the gaps between photovoltaic panels （BF）， in reclaimed areas without photovoltaic installation （RC）， and in subsided land （CK）. Conventional physicochemical analysis and 16S rRNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing were used to examine the structure of soil microbial communities， molecular ecological network characteristics， keystone taxa， and assembly mechanisms. The results showed that： ① Photovoltaic construction and land reclamation significantly affected soil physicochemical properties （P<0.05）. Compared with that under RC， photovoltaic construction increased soil pH， ammonium nitrogen content （NH4+-N）， and nitrate nitrogen content （NO3--N） but reduced soil organic carbon （SOC） and available phosphorus （AP） content. ② Bacterial α diversity was significantly influenced by PV construction. It increased in RC compared to that in CK but decreased in GF relative to that in RC. Fungal diversity and richness showed no significant changes across treatments. While dominant bacterial phyla remained consistent across treatments， significant differences were observed at the order level. ③ Compared with that in CK， the bacterial network in the RC treatment was more efficient and stable. In contrast to that in RC， the GF treatment demonstrated a “more numerous but disorganized” bacterial network with poor resistance to interference， while the BF treatment group showed higher complexity in its bacterial network but lower stability. The fungal network displayed a completely different pattern from the bacterial network. Compared to that in CK， the stability of the fungal network decreased in the RC treatment. In contrast to those under RC， photovoltaic construction made fungal networks more stable. ④ Stochastic processes dominated bacterial community assembly， primarily consisting of undefined processes. Fungal assembly was also predominantly stochastic， with undefined processes dominating in CK and GF and dispersal limitation prevailing in RC and BF. These results provide new insights for the synergistic management of photovoltaic construction and ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid grassland mining areas. |
