| 不同轮作模式对土壤团聚体稳定性及其结合态碳组分的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1162 全文点击 3 投稿时间:2025-08-06 修订日期:2025-11-08 |
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| 中文关键词 轮作 土壤团聚体稳定性 土壤团聚体有机碳 活性有机碳 矿物结合态有机碳 |
| 英文关键词 crop rotation soil aggregate stability soil aggregates organic carbon labile organic carbon mineral-associated organic carbon |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202508059 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杨杰 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 保定 071000 农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室, 保定 071000 | YangJie20000204@163.com | | 王培烨 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 保定 071000 农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 张斯佳 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 | | | 张建恒 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 保定 071000 农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 卢海涛 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 保定 071000 农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室, 保定 071000 | | | 由福英 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 | | | 赵霡 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 | | | 王贵彦 | 河北农业大学农学院, 保定 071000 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室, 保定 071000 农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室, 保定 071000 | wanggy@hebau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究豆科作物(花生)和禾本科(高粱)与小麦-玉米轮作对土壤团聚体稳定性和碳固存能力的调控效应,基于华北平原6 a轮作田间试验,以冬小麦-夏玉米两熟(WM-WM)为对照,设置花生→冬小麦-夏玉米(Pns-WM)和高粱→冬小麦-夏玉米(Sor-WM)两年三熟轮作模式,通过分层采样(0~10、10~20和20~40 cm)结合团聚体分级方法,系统解析不同轮作模式对土壤团聚体稳定性指标[平均质量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)和>0.25 mm团聚体含量(R>0.25)]与有机碳(SOC)及碳组分[颗粒有机碳(POC)、矿物结合有机碳(MAOC)、易氧化有机碳(ROC)、难氧化有机碳(NOC)]的影响. 结果表明,与WM-WM相比,Pns-WM和Sor-WM显著提高了>2 mm(0~10 cm)团聚体占比,分别显著提高了21.35%和14.00%;Pns-WM显著提升0~40 cm土层土壤团聚体稳定性(MWD、GMD及R>0.25),Sor-WM主要提高10~20 cm土层MWD和GMD. Pns-WM提高了团聚体SOC含量(6.51%~24.97%)、 >2 mm大团聚体POC含量(5.01%~29.09%)和ROC含量(37.57%~105.64%);Sor-WM提高了<0.25 mm(10~20 cm)和>2 mm(20~40 cm)粒级团聚体的ROC,分别显著提高了15.80%和71.83%. Pns-WM提高了>2 mm(20~40 cm)团聚体有机碳贡献率,Sor-WM提高了>2 mm(0~10 cm)有机碳贡献率. 大团聚体比例(R>0.25)通过对调控活性有机碳与化学稳定有机碳,提高大团聚体和微团聚体SOC,共同促进土壤有机碳积累. 因此,轮作能够提高土壤团聚体稳定性和团聚体结合态碳组分含量,可协同提升土壤结构稳定性与固碳潜力. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system has long been a dominant practice in the North China Plain. However, the continuous use of this system has led to a decline in soil fertility, a loss of biodiversity, and nutrient imbalances, thus threatening the sustainability of grain production. Crop rotation is essential for enhancing soil aggregate stability and carbon sequestration capacity. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of crop rotation systems on these two factors. This six-year field experiment in the North China Plain compared the winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system (WM-WM), peanut→winter wheat-summer maize (Pns-WM), and sorghum→winter wheat-summer maize (Sor-WM). Soil samples from 0-10, 10-20, and 20-40 cm depths underwent soil aggregate stability indices [mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), proportion of macro-aggregates >0.25 mm (R>0.25)] and soil organic carbon (SOC) and carbon fractions [particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), readily oxidizable carbon (ROC), non-oxidizable carbon (NOC)] were quantified. Relative to the WM-WM, Pns-WM and Sor-WM significantly (P<0.05) elevated the mass proportion of >2 mm aggregates in the 0-10 cm layer by 21.35% and 14.00%, respectively. The Pns-WM markedly enhanced soil aggregate stability (quantified by MWD, GMD, and R>0.25) throughout the 0-40 cm profile, concurrently increasing aggregate organic carbon by 6.51%-24.97%. This carbon accrual was mechanistically driven by 5.01%-29.09% elevation in POC within macroaggregates (>2 mm) and a 37.57%-105.64% surge in ROC across aggregate fractions. In contrast, Sor-WM selectively improved aggregate stability indices (MWD, GMD) in the 10-20 cm soil, while stimulating ROC accumulation by 15.80% in <0.25 mm microaggregates (10-20 cm) and 71.83% in >2 mm macroaggregates (20-40 cm). Meanwhile, Sor-WM significantly reduced the NOC content of aggregates with sizes of 0.25-2 mm (0-10 cm), >2 mm, and <0.25 mm (10-20 cm). Relative to the WM-WM, Pns-WM increased the organic carbon contribution rate by >2 mm (20-40 cm) and decreased the organic carbon contribution rate by 0.25-2 mm (20-40 cm); Sor-WM increased the contribution of organic carbon by >2 mm (0-10 cm) and <0.25 mm (10-20 cm). Pns-WM increased the contribution rate of organic carbon from aggregates by >2 mm (20-40 cm), while Sor-WM increased the contribution rate of organic carbon by >2 mm (0-10 cm). Correlation analysis further revealed a significant positive correlation between SOC and POC, MAOC, ROC, and NOC. Structural equation modeling revealed that R>0.25 critically mediated SOC sequestration via dual pathways: by significantly affecting the aggregate labile carbon and promoting chemically stabilized carbon, increasing macroaggregate and microaggregate SOC, and thus increasing the SOC of aggregates. Thus, soil structural stability and carbon sequestration potential can be synergistically enhanced through legume (peanut) and wheat-maize rotations that can increase soil aggregate stability and organic carbon content in the soil surface and subsurface layers. |