| 微藻-细菌共生系统对抗生素抗性基因赋存及传播影响的研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 330 全文点击 10 投稿时间：2025-07-23 修订日期：2025-10-21 |
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| 中文关键词 菌藻共生系统 抗生素抗性基因（ARGs） 跨界胞间通讯 群体感应 水平基因转移 |
| 英文关键词 microalgae-bacteria symbiotic system antibiotic resistance genes（ARGs） cross-kingdom intercellular communication quorum sensing horizontal gene transfer |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202507293 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 朱伟民 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090
哈尔滨工业大学城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090 | 3114136345@qq.com | | 张兴泽 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090
哈尔滨工业大学城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090 | | | 王晶 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090
哈尔滨工业大学城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090 | wjing@hit.edu.cn | | 范梓涵 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090
哈尔滨工业大学城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090 | | | 谷镓良 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090
哈尔滨工业大学城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090 | | | 邢德峰 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090
哈尔滨工业大学城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090 | dxing@hit.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的传播已成为全球公共卫生领域的重大挑战，尤其是在污水处理厂这一关键环节. 随着抗生素的广泛使用，耐药性细菌和ARGs在环境中的传播速度加快，污水处理厂成为ARGs扩散的重要源头之一. 传统污水处理技术如活性污泥法和膜过滤法等虽然能去除污水中的部分有机污染物和微生物，但对于ARGs的去除效率较低，且常伴随高能耗和化学试剂使用，存在二次污染的风险. 因此，寻找高效、环保和可持续的污水处理技术成为当务之急. 菌藻共生系统作为一种新兴的污水处理技术，通过微藻与细菌的协同作用，展示了在去除ARGs方面的巨大潜力. 微藻通过光合作用固定二氧化碳，吸收水中的营养物质，而细菌则发挥其丰富的降解能力，能够有效降解水中的ARGs及其他有害物质. 菌藻共生系统不仅能够高效去除ARGs，而且由于其低能耗和无需大量化学试剂，符合绿色和可持续的处理要求. 微藻-细菌之间的相互作用，包括代谢协同与群体感应机制，是该系统去除ARGs的关键. 然而，菌藻共生系统在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战，尤其在系统稳定性、规模化应用和运行成本等方面. 此外，群体感应系统在调控ARGs的传播和去除上发挥了重要作用，微藻通过调控细菌群体感应，可能增强ARGs去除效果并抑制其水平转移. 本文综述了菌藻共生系统在ARGs去除中的应用、去除机制、环境影响、面临的挑战及未来的研究方向，提出了优化该技术系统稳定性和实现规模化应用的建议，并展望了其在污水处理领域的广泛应用前景. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） has become a major challenge in global public health， particularly in wastewater treatment plants， which serve as critical hubs. With the widespread use of antibiotics， the spread of resistant bacteria and ARGs in the environment has accelerated， making wastewater treatment facilities a significant source of ARG dissemination. Traditional wastewater treatment technologies， such as the activated sludge process and membrane filtration， can remove some organic pollutants and microorganisms from water， but their efficiency in eliminating ARGs remains low， often accompanied by high energy consumption and the use of chemical agents that risk secondary pollution. As a result， the development of efficient， eco-friendly， and sustainable wastewater treatment technologies has become an urgent priority. The microalgae-bacteria symbiotic system， an emerging approach， exhibits immense potential for ARG removal through the synergistic interplay of microalgae and bacteria. Microalgae fix carbon dioxide via photosynthesis and absorb nutrients from water， while bacteria utilize their robust degradative abilities to effectively break down ARGs and other harmful substances. This system not only excels in removing ARGs but also meets green and sustainable standards due to its low energy demands and minimal reliance on chemical reagents. The interactions between microalgae and bacteria， including metabolic cooperation and quorum sensing mechanisms， are central to its effectiveness in ARG removal. However， practical application of the microalgae-bacteria symbiotic system faces challenges， particularly in terms of system stability， scalability， and operational costs. Furthermore， quorum sensing plays a vital role in regulating ARG dissemination and removal， with microalgae potentially enhancing ARG elimination and inhibiting their horizontal transfer by modulating bacterial quorum sensing （QS）. This review examines the application of the microalgae-bacteria symbiotic system in ARG removal， its underlying mechanisms， environmental impacts， challenges， and future research directions， offering suggestions to improve system stability and achieve large-scale implementation， while highlighting its promising prospects for widespread use in wastewater treatment. |
