| 太湖流域下游典型水产品中全氟及多氟烷基化合物的污染特征和健康风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 316 全文点击 6 投稿时间：2025-09-09 修订日期：2025-11-17 |
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| 中文关键词 全氟及多氟烷基化合物（PFAS） 太湖流域下游 水产品 污染特征 健康风险评估 |
| 英文关键词 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances （PFAS） Taihu Lake downriver aquatic products contamination characteristics health risk assessment |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202509113 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 全氟及多氟烷基物质（PFAS）经水产品摄入所引起的膳食健康风险已成为全球关注的焦点. 为探究太湖流域下游典型水产品中PFAS的污染特征及其健康风险，于2024~2025年间在该区域采集了4类典型水产品及同期地表水样本，利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）对24种PFAS进行了定量分析. 结果显示，水产品中ΣPFAS含量（以dw计）介于3.18~378.01 ng·g-1之间，长链全氟羧酸（C8~C14 PFCA）、全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟辛烷磺酰胺（FOSA）和6∶2氯代多氟聚醚磺酸（6∶2 Cl-PFESA）是主要污染物，并且显示出较强的生物累积潜力. 不同种类水产品中的PFAS含量与组成存在显著差异，日本沼虾和鱼类表现出更高的整体富集水平. 此外，PFAS在鱼类的不同组织及不同食性类别中也呈现明显分布差异. 风险评估结果表明，该区域水产品（尤其是鱼类和日本沼虾）中所含的PFOS、FOSA及Σ(PFOA、PFNA、PFOS、PFHxS）对人体存在不可忽视的潜在健康风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Dietary health risks associated with the intake of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances （PFAS） through aquatic products have become a global concern. To investigate the contamination characteristics and health risks of PFAS in typical aquatic products from the lower reaches of Taihu Lake， four categories of aquatic products and concurrent surface water samples were collected in the region between 2024 and 2025. A total of 24 PFAS were quantitatively analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS）. The results showed that the total PFAS （ΣPFAS） concentration （calculated in dw） in aquatic products ranged from 3.18 to 378.01 ng·g-1. Long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids （C8-C14 PFCA）， perfluorooctanesulfonic acid （PFOS）， perfluorooctanesulfonamide （FOSA）， and 6∶2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate （6∶2 Cl-PFESA） were identified as the major pollutants and demonstrated strong bioaccumulation potential. Significant interspecies differences were observed in both concentration and compositional profiles of PFAS， with oriental river prawns （Macrobrachium nipponense） and fish exhibiting higher overall accumulation levels. Furthermore， the distribution of PFAS also showed notable variations across different tissues and feeding habits of fish. Risk assessment indicated that PFOS； FOSA； and the mixture of PFOA， PFNA， PFOS， and PFHxS [Σ(PFOA，PFNA，PFOS，PFHxS)] in aquatic products， particularly in fish and oriental river prawns， from the lower Taihu Lake Basin may pose non-negligible potential health risks to humans. |
