| 土壤中抗生素环境行为的多因子交互作用机制综述 |
| 摘要点击 1582 全文点击 30 投稿时间：2025-07-11 修订日期：2025-10-13 |
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| 中文关键词 抗生素迁移 多因子交互作用 土壤矿物 有机质 微生物 |
| 英文关键词 antibiotic migration multifactorial interactions soil minerals organic matter microorganisms |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202507148 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张佩雯 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210033 | zhangpeiwen396@163.com | | 李思敏 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210033
华东区域危险废物环境风险防控技术中心, 南京 210033 | | | 卜元卿 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210033
华东区域危险废物环境风险防控技术中心, 南京 210033
南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044 | | | 周蓉 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210033
华东区域危险废物环境风险防控技术中心, 南京 210033 | | | 张后虎 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210033
华东区域危险废物环境风险防控技术中心, 南京 210033 | zhh@nies.org |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 抗生素在农业、畜牧及医疗领域的广泛应用导致其在土壤中持续累积，并通过食物链与抗性基因扩散威胁生态系统和公共健康. 抗生素的环境风险取决于迁移行为，而该行为受物理化学因子与微生物过程的交互调控. 当前研究多聚焦单一因子作用，对多因子交互机制的系统解析不足，制约了抗生素环境归趋预测与风险防控. 系统综述了土壤中抗生素迁移的关键影响因素及其交互作用，揭示其核心规律：矿物与有机质吸附主导初始滞留；环境因子通过调控吸附-解吸平衡间接影响迁移路径；胶体颗粒兼具“吸附介质”和“迁移载体”双重角色；微生物降解虽可降低抗生素持久性，但其产物可能增加迁移风险. 此外，还以垃圾填埋场土壤-渗滤液体系为典型场景，验证“理化触发-胶体介导-微生物反馈”机制，为复杂环境下多因子交互效应预测提供了理论支持. 此外，现有研究多基于实验室单一条件，与实际环境存在差距. 未来需结合多介质耦合模型，深入解析多因子交互机制，可为抗生素污染的风险评估与防控提供理论支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The extensive use of antibiotics in agriculture， animal husbandry， and healthcare has resulted in their persistent accumulation in soils， threatening ecosystems and public health through food chain transmission and the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. The environmental risks associated with antibiotics are largely determined by their transport behaviors， which are jointly regulated by physicochemical conditions and microbial processes. However， most existing studies focus on individual factors， and systematic understanding of their interactions remains limited， constraining accurate prediction of antibiotic fate and effective risk management. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the major factors governing antibiotic transport in soils and their interdependencies， highlighting several key mechanisms. Initial retention is primarily controlled by adsorption to soil minerals and organic matter. Environmental variables such as pH， ionic strength， and redox potential influence transport pathways by modulating adsorption-desorption equilibria. Colloidal particles act as both sorbents and mobile carriers， while microbial degradation reduces parent compound persistence but may simultaneously enhance mobility through the production of polar metabolites. A landfill soil-leachate system is further presented as a representative scenario to illustrate the coupled “physicochemical initiation-colloid mediation-microbial feedback” cascade， thereby providing a conceptual basis for understanding multi-factor interactions in complex environments. In addition， most current findings are derived from simplified laboratory experiments， which limits their applicability to real-world conditions. Future research should emphasize multi-scale， in situ investigations and incorporate multi-media modeling frameworks to unravel interactive mechanisms， refine risk assessment， and guide mitigation strategies for antibiotic contamination. |
