| 覆盖作物介导的枸杞根际微生态调控与连作障碍缓解机制 |
| 摘要点击 1452 全文点击 10 投稿时间：2025-07-16 修订日期：2025-10-06 |
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| 中文关键词 枸杞 覆盖作物 根际微生物 功能预测 共生网络 连作障碍 |
| 英文关键词 Lycium barbarum L. cover crops rhizosphere microorganisms function prediction symbiotic network continuous cropping obstacle |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202507214 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 针对宁夏枸杞主产区长期连作引发的土壤退化问题，本研究构建枸杞（Lycium barbarum L.）与肥田萝卜（Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus）复合种植模式，通过4 a田间定位试验，结合高通量测序技术，系统解析覆盖作物种植对土壤微生物多样性、共生网络稳定性及枸杞果实品质的调控效应. 结果表明：①覆盖种植显著提高了细菌Shannon指数以及真菌Ace、Sobs和Chao1指数（P<0.05），并引起微生物群落结构发生显著分异（P<0.05）. ②覆盖处理中细菌变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）以及真菌担子菌门（Basidiomycota）的相对丰度显著上升. ③覆盖处理下，土壤速效磷（AP）、速效氮（AN）和微生物量碳（MBC）分别显著增加29.89%、74.33%和23.60%，pH显著降低4.31%（P<0.05），且pH和速效钾（AK）是驱动细菌群落的关键因子. ④FAPROTAX功能预测显示，覆盖处理中细菌的化能异养、尿素分解等功能显著增强；FUNGuild分析表明，植物病原真菌功能丰度在覆盖条件下显著降低；⑤共生网络分析显示，覆盖处理促进了细菌物种间的协作关系，增强了真菌群落的互作复杂性与网络稳定性；⑥该种植模式使枸杞单粒重与产量分别显著提升5.66%和3.35%（P<0.05）. 研究结果可为枸杞连作障碍的生态防控与可持续高产栽培提供重要理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To address soil degradation caused by long-term continuous cropping in major Lycium barbarum L. （wolfberry） producing regions of Ningxia， this study established an intercropping system of L. barbarum and Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus （oilseed radish）. A 4-year field experiment combined with high-throughput sequencing technology was used to systematically analyze the regulatory effects of cover cropping on soil microbial diversity， symbiotic network stability， and wolfberry fruit quality. The results showed that： ① Cover cropping significantly increased the bacterial Shannon index and the fungal Ace， Sobs， and Chao1 indices （P<0.05） and induced significant differentiation in the microbial community structure （P<0.05）. ② Under cover cropping， the relative abundances of bacterial phyla （Proteobacteria， Actinobacteriota， Chloroflexi， and Acidobacteriota） and the fungal phylum Basidiomycota significantly increased. ③ Cover cropping significantly increased soil available phosphorus （AP）， available nitrogen （AN）， and microbial biomass carbon （MBC） by 29.89%， 74.33%， and 23.60%， respectively， while significantly decreasing soil pH by 4.31% （P<0.05）； pH and available potassium （AK） were identified as key driving factors for the bacterial community. ④ FAPROTAX functional prediction revealed that bacterial functions such as chemoheterotrophy and urea hydrolysis were significantly enhanced under cover cropping； in contrast， FUNGuild analysis indicated a significant reduction in the functional abundance of plant-pathogenic fungi in the cover cropping group. ⑤ Symbiotic network analysis demonstrated that cover cropping promoted cooperative interactions among bacterial species and enhanced the interaction complexity and network stability of the fungal community. ⑥ This intercropping system significantly improved the single-fruit weight and yield of wolfberry by 5.66% and 3.35%， respectively （P<0.05）. Collectively， the findings of this study provide critical theoretical support for the ecological mitigation of continuous cropping obstacles and the sustainable， high-yield cultivation of L. barbarum. |
