| 基于UNMIX模型的西南典型野生菌产地土壤重金属源解析及健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 808 全文点击 8 投稿时间：2025-04-29 修订日期：2025-09-09 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤重金属 源解析 UNMIX模型 健康风险评价 南华县 |
| 英文关键词 soil heavy metals source apportionment UNMIX model health risk assessment Nanhua County |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202504356 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 徐磊 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 昆明 650100
自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地, 昆明 650100 | 1790968844@qq.com | | 程琰勋 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 昆明 650100
自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地, 昆明 650100 | | | 潘江涛 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 昆明 650100
自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地, 昆明 650100 | | | 管继云 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 昆明 650100
自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地, 昆明 650100 | | | 赵萌生 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 昆明 650100
自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地, 昆明 650100 | | | 李俊 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 昆明 650100
自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地, 昆明 650100 | lijuncugb@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 滇中南华县是西南地区乃至全国最大、最重要的野生菌产地，为定量解析土壤重金属来源及评估健康风险，以期为土壤重金属污染防治和保护人体健康提供理论参考依据，在南华县系统采集了571件表层土壤样品，利用多元统计和UNMIX模型解析土壤重金属来源，并采用地累积指数法和Monte Carlo模拟的健康风险模型，探析研究区土壤重金属的污染水平和对人体的健康风险. 结果表明：①研究区表层土壤As和Cr含量显著高于云南省土壤背景值，8种重金属空间分布呈显著差异，受地质背景控制，也受外界因素干扰. ②研究区土壤重金属来源主要为与金砷矿床密切相关的高地质背景源、与煤炭开采燃烧相关的大气沉降源、交通农业混合源、与铅锌矿床密切相关的工矿活动源和自然母质源，贡献率分别为17.08%、17.87%、12.78%、12.66%和39.61%. ③Igeo评价结果显示，Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的污染程度相对较轻，As和Hg存在不同程度的污染. ④研究区土壤重金属对人群的非致癌健康风险可以忽略，但存在一定致癌健康风险，儿童尤为显著，主要致癌因子为As；重金属元素As和摄入频率（IngR）是研究区影响人体健康风险的主要因素；与金、砷矿床密切相关的高地质背景源和自然母质源是引发人体健康风险的重要来源，应纳入优先控制源，加强对其的监管监测. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Nanhua County in central Yunnan is the largest and most important wild mushroom production area in Southwest China. To precisely quantify the origins of soil heavy metals and evaluate their associated health risks， thereby establishing a robust theoretical foundation for the prevention of soil heavy metal contamination and the safeguarding of human health， 571 surface soil samples were systematically collected from Nanhua County. To elucidate the origins of soil heavy metals， we employed a combination of multivariate statistical analysis and the UNMIX model， which facilitated the identification and quantification of distinct heavy metal sources within the soil matrix. The pollution levels of soil heavy metals in the study area and their potential health risks to humans were evaluated using the geoaccumulation index method and a health risk model based on Monte Carlo simulation. The findings reveal that： ① The levels of As and Cr in the surface soil of the investigated region markedly exceeded the regional background values for Yunnan Province. The spatial pattern of the eight heavy metals was largely influenced by the geological background， yet it exhibited considerable deviations attributable to external influences. ② The primary sources of soil heavy metals in the study area were high geological background sources closely associated with gold-arsenic deposits （17.08%）， atmospheric deposition sources related to coal mining and combustion （17.87%）， mixed sources of transportation and agriculture （12.78%）， industrial and mining activity sources closely linked to lead-zinc deposits （12.66%）， and natural parent material sources （39.61%）. ③ The geoaccumulation index （Igeo） evaluation revealed that the pollution levels of Cd， Cr， Cu， Ni， Pb， and Zn were relatively low， while As and Hg exhibited varying degrees of contamination. ④ The non-carcinogenic health risks of soil heavy metals to the local population were negligible. However， there were notable carcinogenic health risks， particularly for children， with As being the dominant carcinogenic factor. The heavy metal element As and ingestion frequency （IngR） were identified as the main factors influencing human health risks in the study area. High geological background sources closely related to gold and arsenic deposits and natural parent material sources were significant contributors to human health risks and should be prioritized for control， with enhanced monitoring and regulation. |
