| 典型沪南产区土壤-水稻系统多金属污染特征及其健康风险 |
| 摘要点击 1709 全文点击 61 投稿时间：2024-11-29 修订日期：2025-04-21 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 农田土壤 稻米 重金属 污染程度 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 farmland soil rice heavy metals pollution level health risks |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202411294 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 周前航 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
上海市应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院, 上海 201418 | zhouqianhang@126.com | | 杨湜烟 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403 | yangsy@zju.edu.cn | | 孙丽娟 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403 | | | 叶璟 | 上海市应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院, 上海 201418 | | | 孙雅菲 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403 | | | 秦秦 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403 | | | 王峻 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403 | | | 薛永 | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403 | exueyong@163.com |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 农田土壤重金属污染是当前制约人类社会可持续发展的全球性问题. 尽管已有大量关于室内盆栽土壤-水稻重金属污染的研究，但许多研究仍局限于有限的室内的“点”分析，缺乏区域范围土壤-水稻系统“面”上的综合性研究. 基于此，旨在通过采集沪南水稻产区土壤和稻米样品并进行区域性系统分析，使用综合质量影响指数（IICQ）评价土壤-水稻中重金属综合污染程度及空间分布特征，探讨重金属富集影响因素，并通过人体健康风险评估（HHRA）模型评价摄入稻米的安全风险. 结果表明，土壤中的Cd、Ni和Pb含量高于上海市土壤背景值，但均未超过中国农用地土壤风险筛选值；稻米中的Cr和Ni含量超标率为30.4%，在个别采样点As也有超标现象，其余重金属均未超标. 稻米对土壤中重金属生物富集能力较弱（富集系数均未超过1），但土壤特性会影响稻米重金属的富集. 土壤中的重金属元素来源具有相似性. 健康风险评估结果显示，研究区内儿童受As和Cr污染影响，同时存在潜在非致癌风险与致癌风险. HI > 1、TCR > 1.0×10-4，表明该地区人群均受到重金属复合污染的影响. 综合质量影响指数（IICQ）评价结果显示研究区土壤中重金属多呈轻度污染，土壤-稻米主要为轻度至中度污染. 研究区需进一步优化农田土壤管理，减少重金属在土壤-水稻系统中的迁移与富集，尤其关注儿童等敏感人群的健康风险，保障农田土壤的安全利用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils poses a significant global challenge to sustainable development. While extensive studies have focused on heavy metal pollution in soil-rice systems using indoor pot experiments, most remain limited to small-scale, localized "point" analyses, lacking comprehensive research on the soil-rice systems in regions. Addressing this gap, the present study systematically analyzed soil and rice samples from the southern Shanghai rice-growing region. The Integrated Contamination Quality Index (IICQ) was utilized to assess the degree and spatial dispersion of heavy metal pollution within the soil-rice system. This research delved into the various factors that influence the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in rice grains. Furthermore, employing the Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) model, the potential risks associated with consuming such rice were meticulously evaluated. The findings revealed that Cd, Ni, and Pb concentrations in the soil exceeded background levels for Shanghai but remained below China's agricultural land risk screening thresholds. Cr and Ni exceeded safety standards in 30.4% of rice samples, and As surpassed limits at certain sampling points; other heavy metals remained within acceptable levels. Rice exhibited a low bioaccumulation capacity for soil heavy metals (BF < 1), though soil properties influenced heavy metal accumulation in rice. Heavy metals in the soil exhibited similar sources. The health risk assessment indicated potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from As, as well as Cr for children, with HI > 1 and TCR > 1.0×10-4, suggesting combined exposure risks. The IICQ evaluation classified the study of soil heavy metal contamination as predominantly mild, with the soil-rice system exhibiting mild to moderate contamination. Further optimization of soil management practices is required to reduce heavy metal migration and accumulation in the soil-rice system, focusing on protecting vulnerable groups, such as children, to ensure the safe utilization of farmland soils. |
|
|
|
