| 聚氯乙烯微塑料对草莓生长和生理特征的影响 |
| 摘要点击 214 全文点击 16 投稿时间：2024-05-30 修订日期：2024-07-15 |
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| 中文关键词 聚氯乙烯微塑料（PVC-MPs） 草莓 种子发芽 植物生长 抗氧化酶 土壤性质 |
| 英文关键词 polyvinyl chloride microplastics （PVC-MPs） strawberry seed germination plant growth antioxidant enzyme soil property |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 朱冰清 | 江苏省环境科学研究院, 江苏省环境工程重点实验室, 南京 210036
江苏省新污染物治理工程研究中心, 南京 210036 | janezbq@aliyun.com | | 陈颖 | 河海大学环境学院, 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室, 南京 210098 | | | 潘月 | 江苏省环境科学研究院, 江苏省环境工程重点实验室, 南京 210036
江苏省新污染物治理工程研究中心, 南京 210036 | | | 刘伟 | 江苏省环境科学研究院, 江苏省环境工程重点实验室, 南京 210036
江苏省新污染物治理工程研究中心, 南京 210036 | | | 王水 | 江苏省环境科学研究院, 江苏省环境工程重点实验室, 南京 210036 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 近年来土壤中微塑料累积导致的环境影响相关报道日益增多,但微塑料对植物全生命周期中生理、生长及土壤特性、酶和养分的综合影响研究较少.以聚氯乙烯微塑料（PVC-MPs）为研究对象,通过发芽试验和盆栽试验,阐明了不同粒径和添加量的PVC-MPs对草莓种子发芽率、发芽时长以及草莓生长过程中生理指标和土壤的理化性质的影响.结果表明,PVC-MPs的添加会导致草莓种子发芽率降低4%~12%,发芽时长增加.PVC-MPs会造成草莓的氧化应激,降低叶片的叶绿素含量,刺激植物释放抗氧化防御系统中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）,减少细胞损伤.5%含量PVC-MPs的添加显著抑制了土壤中β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）和亮氨酸氨基肽酶（LAP）的活性,增强了β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）的活性.高添加量的PVC-MPs增加了土壤的孔隙度,减少了土壤中有效磷（AP）的含量,其有机碳（SOC）含量较对照组降低了39.3~48.9 g·kg-1；添加5%含量20 μm处理的硝态氮（NO3--N）含量降低了52%,铵态氮（NH4+-N）的含量增加了50%.以上结果表明PVC-MPs可以改变土壤结构,影响土壤养分,对草莓生长发育具有一定的干扰作用.研究结果可为评价PVC-MPs的生态风险提供参考依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In recent years, there has been an increasing number of reports on the environmental impact caused by the accumulation of microplastics in soil. However, there is limited research on the comprehensive effects of microplastics on the physiology, growth, soil characteristics, enzymes, and nutrients throughout the entire lifecycle of plants. To investigate the influence of soil microplastics on strawberry growth, the effects of different particle sizes and concentrations of polyvinyl chloride microplastics （PVC-MPs） on the germination rate and germination time of strawberry seeds, as well as physiological indicators and the physicochemical properties of the soil during strawberry growth, were elucidated through germination experiments and pot experiments. The results indicated that the addition of PVC-MPs led to a 4%-12% decrease in strawberry seed germination rate and delayed germination time. PVC-MPs may have caused oxidative stress in strawberries, reducing chlorophyll content in leaves, stimulating the release of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and peroxidase （POD） in the antioxidant defense system of plants and reducing cell damage. The addition of 5% PVC-MPs significantly inhibited the activity of β-glucosidase （BG） and leucine aminopeptidase （LAP） in the soil while enhancing the activity of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase （NAG） and acid phosphatase （ACP）. The addition of high concentrations of PVC-MPs increased soil porosity and reduced the content of available phosphorus （AP） and the content of soil organic carbon （SOC）, which decreased by 39.3-48.9 g·kg-1 compared with that in the control group. The content of nitrate nitrogen （NO3－-N） of the treatment adding 5% 20 μm decreased by 52%, and the content of ammonium nitrogen （NH4+-N） increased by 50%. These results indicate that PVC-MPs can alter soil structure, affect soil nutrients, and have a certain interference effect on strawberry growth and development. The research results can provide a reference basis for evaluating the ecological risk of PVC-MPs. |
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