| 微塑料对土壤性质、镉有效性及生菜中镉积累量的影响 |
| 摘要点击 294 全文点击 23 投稿时间：2024-04-01 修订日期：2024-07-01 |
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| 中文关键词 镉（Cd） 微塑料（MPs） 土壤 生菜 三维荧光 |
| 英文关键词 cadmium （Cd） microplastics （MPs） soil lettuce three-dimensional fluorescence |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤中重金属-微塑料的复合污染现象频发,但有关两者复合污染的生态风险研究工作还较为缺乏.在不同生物降解型微塑料（MPs）和重金属镉（Cd）复合污染的土壤上,通过60 d的生菜盆栽试验,分析土壤基本理化性质、Cd有效性及生菜中Cd的积累和传递效应,利用三维荧光光谱技术分析土壤可溶性有机质（DOM）的组成特征.结果表明,MPs降低了土壤阳离子交换量（CEC）和铵态氮（NH4+-N）的含量,提高了土壤溶解性有机碳含量.MPs-Cd复合污染显著提高了土壤DOM的微生物来源特征,降低了DOM的腐殖化程度,同时显著削弱了其自生源特征.土壤中Cd-CaCl2含量与土壤总Cd含量之间呈现显著正相关性,与土壤化学性质之间的相关性不显著.MPs增加了生菜根中Cd的积累量,对叶中Cd的积累量无显著影响（P>0.05）.生菜根和叶中Cd的积累量主要受到土壤总Cd与Cd-CaCl2含量的影响（R>0.85,P<0.05）,也会随土壤DOM腐殖化程度和类腐殖质含量的增加而降低.研究可为土壤微塑料及重金属复合污染的生态风险评估工作提供数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The multiple contamination of heavy metal-microplastics occurs frequently in soil； however, ecological risk research on this subject is still lacking. In a 60-day pot experiment, lettuce in soils was contaminated with different biodegradable microplastics （MPs） and heavy metal cadmium （Cd）. The basic physicochemical properties of the soil, Cd availability, and the accumulation and transfer effects of Cd in lettuce were analyzed. Additionally, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to analyze the composition characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter （DOM）. The results indicated that MPs reduced the soil cation exchange capacity （CEC） and the content of ammonium nitrogen （NH4+-N） while increasing the content of soil dissolved organic carbon. The multiple contamination of MPs and Cd significantly enhanced the microbial source characteristics of soil DOM, reduced the humification degree of DOM, and significantly weakened its autochthonous characteristics. There was a significant positive correlation between the Cd-CaCl2 content and the total Cd content in the soil, while the correlation with soil chemical properties was not significant. MPs increased the accumulation of Cd in lettuce roots, with no significant effect on the accumulation of Cd in the leaves （P>0.05）. The accumulation of Cd in lettuce roots and leaves was mainly influenced by the total Cd content in the soil and the Cd-CaCl2 content （R>0.85, P<0.05） and decreased with the increase in the humification degree of soil DOM and the content of humic-like substances. This study can provide data support for the ecological risk assessment of composite pollution of soil microplastics and heavy metals. |
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