| 不同种植年限设施菜地土壤重金属分布、累积特征及风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 1319 全文点击 203 投稿时间：2023-12-30 修订日期：2024-03-15 |
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| 中文关键词 蔬菜大棚 重金属 形态分布 生态风险 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 vegetable greenhouse heavy metals speciation distribution ecological risk health risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为揭示长期栽种对设施菜地土壤中重金属分布和累积的影响,以沈阳市典型设施蔬菜区土壤为研究对象,采集不同种植年限土壤样本,分析设施菜地土壤中重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和 Pb的分布特点.运用Hakanson指数法、重金属风险评价标准法及次生相与原生相比值法对设施土壤重金属生态风险进行评估,并通过人体健康风险模型对研究区居民健康进行评估.结果表明：①研究区设施菜地表层土壤（0~20 cm）中Zn、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Cd含量随种植年限的增加呈增长趋势,特别是Cd、Zn和Cu增加明显,最大增幅分别为219%、189%和134%；②Zn、Cr、Cu、Ni和 Pb均以残渣态为主,而Cd以弱酸态为主,占总含量的53%；③研究区表层土壤中Cd的潜在生态风险指数值为95.77,表现为中生态风险,但6种重金属的综合潜在生态风险不高；④研究区6种重金属的HI值均未超过1,非致癌风险可忽略,但部分采样点重金属致癌风险不应被忽略. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To ascertain the influence of prolonged planting on the distribution and accumulation of heavy metals in protected vegetable soil, samples from typical vegetable planting areas in Shenyang were gathered to evaluate the distribution features of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in such soil. The Hakanson index, heavy metal risk assessment standard, and secondary phase to primary ratio methods were employed to evaluate the ecological hazard of soil in the research area, while the human health risk model was utilized to evaluate the health of inhabitants. The findings indicated that：① The amount of heavy metals Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd in the topsoil （0~20 cm） of protected vegetable land in the study region decreased successively, and the content of heavy metals in the topsoil increased with the extension of planting years, of which Cd, Zn, and Cu increased most obviously, with maximum increases of 219%, 189%, and 134%, respectively. ② Heavy metals Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb were mainly in the residual state, whereas Cd was mainly in the weak acidic state, with a maximum proportion of 53%. ③ The potential ecological risk index of Cd in the topsoil of the study area was 95.77, showing a medium ecological risk； however, the comprehensive potential ecological risk of the six heavy metals was not high. ④ The HI values of the six heavy metals in the study area were less than 1 and the risk of non-carcinogenesis was negligible； however, the carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in some sampling sites should not be ignored. |
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