| 耕地土壤重金属健康风险来源解析及其对景观格局的响应 |
| 摘要点击 1862 全文点击 449 投稿时间：2023-09-01 修订日期：2023-10-27 |
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| 中文关键词 健康风险 耕地土壤重金属 正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF） 景观格局指数 冗余分析（RDA） |
| 英文关键词 health risk cultivated soil heavy metals positive matrix factorization（PMF） landscape pattern index redundancy analysis（RDA） |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤重金属健康风险研究对于保障人群健康和维护耕地生态系统安全等具有积极的意义.在南京六合区耕地土壤重金属Cr、 Pb、 Cd、 As和Hg监测的基础上,通过健康风险评估模型识别重金属健康风险特征因子,并利用反距离权重插值法（IDW）、正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）、景观格局指数与冗余分析探究其主要来源及对景观格局的响应.结果表明,研究区域Cr、 Pb、 Cd、 As和Hg对应的变异系数分别为0.19、 0.36、 0.23、 0.52和1.16,均属于中度或高度变异,表明其具有较高的空间异质性且易受到人为因素的影响；Cr、 Pb和As是研究区域主要的健康风险特征因子,对应的儿童致癌风险分别在13.307×10-6 ~ 38.400×10-6、 0.839×10-6 ~ 3.250×10-6和4.548×10-6 ~ 16.680×10-6之间,均高于成人；农业生产活动、工业生产以及交通运输活动引起的儿童致癌风险分别为17.946×10-6和12.941×10-6,是六合区耕地土壤重金属健康风险的主要来源；由农业生产活动引起的高风险区域主要集聚在六合区的北部区域,由南至北、由中心至外围呈现出升高趋势,由工业生产活动以及交通运输引起的高风险区域主要集聚以六合区化工园区及经济开发区为核心的周边区域,并呈现出由南至北、由核心到外围降低的空间集聚特征；景观格局指数对于耕地土壤重金属健康风险的累计解释量为0.463,且斑块密度、斑块所占景观面积比例、斑块聚集度和最大斑块指数对儿童综合致癌风险具有显著性的影响,对应的解程度分别为0.422、 0.274、 0.351和0.232. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Heavy metal pollution mainly caused by human activities is becoming increasingly prominent and threatening human health and ecosystem safety in soil, which is a non-renewable natural resource that humans rely on for survival and development. Assessment and analysis of soil heavy metal health risk is significant for protecting human health, preventing soil pollution, and maintaining ecosystem security. Based on the investigation of heavy metals, including Cr, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg, in cultivated soil in Liuhe District, the health risk assessment model was used to identify the health risk characteristics of heavy metals, and the spatial distribution, main sources, and responses to landscape patterns were explored by using inverse distance weight interpolation, positive definite matrix factorization, landscape pattern index, and redundancy analysis. The results showed that the coefficients of variation corresponding to Cr, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg in the study area were 0.19, 0.36, 0.23, 0.52, and 1.16, respectively, all of which belonged to moderate or high variability, indicating that they had high spatial heterogeneity and were susceptible to human factors. Cr, Pb, and As were the main health risk characteristic factors in the study area, with the carcinogenic risks to children ranging from 13.307×10-6 to 38.400×10-6, 0.839×10-6 to 3.250×10-6, and 4.548×10-6 to 16.680×10-6, respectively, which were higher than those in adults. Agricultural production activities, industrial production, and transportation activities were the main sources of heavy metals, with carcinogenic risks to children of 17.946×10-6 and 12.941×10-6, respectively. Furthermore, high-risk areas caused by agricultural production activities were mainly concentrated in the northern area of Liuhe District and showed an increasing trend from south to north and from the center to the periphery. The surrounding areas caused by industrial production activities and transportation were mainly concentrated in the chemical industry park and economic development zone of Liuhe District and showed a spatial agglomeration feature of decreasing from south to north and from the core to the periphery. The cumulative explanatory value of the landscape pattern index for the comprehensive carcinogenic risk to children was 0.463, and patch density, patch proportion in landscape area, patch aggregation degree, and maximum patch index had significant effects on the comprehensive carcinogenic risk in children, and the corresponding explanatory values were 0.422, 0.274, 0.351, and 0.232, respectively. This study had important theoretical and practical significance for expanding the perspective of environmental health research, promoting the transformation of soil heavy metal management methods and safeguarding regional population health. |
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