| 北京郊区河流潜在危险生物因子赋存特征 |
| 摘要点击 872 全文点击 281 投稿时间：2023-07-05 修订日期：2023-09-16 |
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| 中文关键词 北京郊区河流 危险生物因子（DBAs） 抗生素抗性 病毒 致病菌 |
| 英文关键词 Beijing suburban river dangerous biological agents（DBAs） antibiotic resistance viruses pathogens |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 崔韵唯 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100085
广西大学生命科学与技术学院, 南宁 530005 | cyw990709@163.com | | 辛苑 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100085
广西大学生命科学与技术学院, 南宁 530005 | | | 张耀方 | 北京市水科学技术研究院流域水环境与生态技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100048 | ucaszyf@163.com | | 李垒 | 北京市水科学技术研究院流域水环境与生态技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100048 | | | 叶芝菡 | 北京市水科学技术研究院流域水环境与生态技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100048 | | | 魏源送 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院生态环境研究中心水污染控制实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 张俊亚 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院生态环境研究中心水污染控制实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | jyzhang@rcees.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 危险生物因子（DBAs）是我国生物安全法防范和应对的主要对象,明确北京郊区河流中DBAs赋存特征对保障北京用水安全具有重要的参考意义. 从微生物学的角度,DBAs指可能对人类、动物、植物和环境等生物体造成重大危害的微生物、毒素和其他生物活性物质. 针对北京郊区河流（牤牛河、潮河和白河）,基于宏基因组学研究方法,从DBAs分子生物学组成出发,解析了核酸（抗生素抗性基因,ARGs）、核酸&蛋白（病毒）和完整细胞结构（致病菌）等DBAs的赋存特征. 结果表明,北京郊区河流水样和底质中存在高丰度的多重耐药ARGs,平均占比为74.11% ±6.82%,但主要ARGs亚型为低风险型,传播性较低,牤牛河上游ARGs丰度最高,半城子水库对上游ARGs丰度起到一定控制作用；郊区河流中原核生物病毒多为蓝病毒科（Kyanoviridae）和尾病毒科（Peduoviridae）,平均占比为16.98% ±8.44%和16.19% ±10.79%,真核生物病毒为拟菌病毒科（Mimiviriae）和藻类DNA病毒科（Phycodnaviridae）,平均占比为10.37% ±12.68%和8.34% ±6.97%,均为对水体中藻类和致病菌的控制具有贡献的病毒科,经过半城子水库后,病毒组分发生剧烈变化,蓝病毒科、拟菌病毒科和藻类DNA病毒科的丰度显著增加. 潮河、白河和牤牛河水体中的病毒群落存在显著差异；致病菌主要包括脑膜炎奈瑟菌（Neisseria meningitidis）、猪布鲁氏菌（Brucella suis）、肠道沙门氏菌（Salmonella enterica）和伯克霍尔德氏菌（Burkholderia pseudomalle）等,平均占比分别为19.17% ±3.63%、12.76% ±2.88%、11.22% ±1.95%和8.26% ±1.84%. 不同支流和位点中的致病菌组成和丰度存在显著差异,这可能受到水质、污染源、环境因素和人类活动的影响. 研究结果可为北京市郊区河流水安全管理和生物风险控制提供数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Dangerous biological agents （DBAs） refer to microorganisms, toxins, and other biological substances that have the potential to cause significant harm to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. They are the primary target of the prevention and response in China’s Biosafety Law, and it is of great importance to clarify the characteristics of DBAs in the Beijing suburban rivers for the insurance of the water safety in Beijing. The typical Beijing suburban rivers （Mangniu River, Chaohe River, and Baihe River） were selected, and the occurrence and distribution of DBAs concerning the molecular biology composition as the nucleic acid （antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs）, nucleic acid and proteins （viruses）, and intact cellular structures （pathogens） were determined based on the metagenomics. The results showed that there was a high abundance of multidrug-resistant ARGs in the water and substrates of the urban river； on average, they made up 74.11% ±6.82% of the total, and the abundance of aminoglycoside and MLS （macrolide-lincosamide-streptomycin）-resistant ARGs was the highest, but the predominant subtypes of ARGs were of low risk and had limited transmission potential. The viruses in the tributary mainly belonged to the phages, most of which were Kyanoviridae andPeduoviridae, with averages of 16.98% ±8.44% and 16.19% ±10.79%, respectively. Eukaryotic viral populations consisted mainly of members from the Mimiviridae and Phycodnaviridae families, with averages of 10.37% ±12.68% and 8.34% ±6.97%, respectively, whereas there were few viruses related to human and animal diseases. The pathogenic bacteria mainly contained Neisseria meningitidis, Brucella suis, Salmonella enterica, and Burkholderia pseudomalle, with averages of 19.17% ±3.63%, 12.76% ±2.88%, 11.22% ±1.95%, and 8.26% ±1.84%, respectively. The composition and abundance of pathogenic bacteria varied significantly among different tributaries and locations, possibly owing to water quality, pollution sources, environmental factors, and human activities. These findings can provide data support for the water safety management and biological risk control of Beijing suburban rivers. |
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