| 太浦河水体与沉积物中重金属的季节变化特征与污染评价 |
| 摘要点击 1756 全文点击 391 投稿时间：2022-07-05 修订日期：2022-08-31 |
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| 中文关键词 太浦河 水体 沉积物 重金属 污染评价 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 Taipu River water sediments heavy metals pollution assessment health risk assessment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 罗鹏程 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234 | pc.luo@qq.com | | 涂耀仁 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234
上海长三角城市湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 上海 200234 | yjtu@shnu.edu.cn | | 孙婷婷 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234 | | | 刘生辉 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234 | | | 高佳欣 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234 | | | 寇佳怡 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234 | | | 顾心彤 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234 | | | 段艳平 | 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234
上海长三角城市湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 上海 200234 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 太浦河是长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区内唯一横跨两省一市的代表性河流,也是黄浦江上游的重要备用水源地,为了解太浦河重金属的多介质(表层水、上覆水、孔隙水和沉积物)分布特征、污染现状和生态风险,对太浦河重金属(As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb和Zn)含量进行分析,采用内梅罗综合污染指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对沉积物重金属污染现状和潜在生态风险进行评价,此外还利用健康风险评价模型对太浦河表层水重金属进行健康风险评价.结果表明,太浦河表层水在春季时上游点位Cd、Cr、Mn和Ni的浓度超过Ⅲ类水限值,Sb在冬季时所有点位浓度均超过Ⅲ类水限值;上覆水在丰水期时As的平均值超过Ⅲ类水限值;孔隙水在丰水期时As和Cd的平均值超过Ⅲ类水限值.表层水健康风险评价表明成人和儿童均在春季有较高的健康风险,其余季节健康风险较低;儿童的健康风险明显高于成人;健康风险主要来自于化学致癌重金属元素As、Cd和Cr.太浦河沉积物中Co、Mn、Sb和Zn在4个季节平均值均超过上海市土壤环境背景值,As、Cr和Cu在夏季、秋季和冬季平均含量超过上海市土壤环境背景值,Cd、Ni和Pb在夏季和冬季平均含量超过上海市土壤环境背景值.内梅罗综合污染指数法和地累积指数法评价结果均表明,太浦河中游污染程度高于上游和下游且Sb污染较为严重.潜在生态风险指数法表明,太浦河沉积物在丰水期和枯水期均处于低风险,Cd在丰水期和枯水期贡献率较高,是太浦河沉积物潜在生态风险的主要重金属元素. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Taipu River is a river spanning two provinces and one city in a demonstration area in the Yangtze River Delta on an ecologically friendly developmentand an important water source in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River in Shanghai. To understand the multi-media distribution characteristics, pollution status, and ecological risk of heavy metals in the Taipu River, the contents of heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) in the sediments of Taipu River were analyzed, and the pollution status and potential ecological risk were evaluated using the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, geo-accumulation index, and potential ecological risk index methods. In addition, the health risk assessment model was used to assess the health risk of heavy metals in surface water of Taipu River. The results showed that the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Mn, and Ni in the surface water of Taipu River exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit at the upstream point in spring; the concentrations of Sb exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit at all points in winter; the average value of As exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit in overlying water during the wet season; and the average values of As and Cd exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit in pore water during the wet season. The health risk assessment of surface water implied that both adults and children had higher health risk in spring and lower health risk in other seasons. The health risk of children was significantly higher than that of adults, and it mainly came from chemical carcinogenic heavy metal elements As, Cd, and Cr. The average contents of Co, Mn, Sb, and Zn in Taipu River sediments in the four seasons all exceeded the Shanghai soil baseline; the average contents of As, Cr, and Cu in summer, autumn, and winter exceeded the Shanghai soil baseline; and the average contents of Cd, Ni, and Pb in summer and winter exceeded the Shanghai soil baseline. The evaluation results of the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index and geo-accumulation index showed that the pollution degree of the middle reaches of Taipu River was higher than that of the upper and lower reaches, and the Sb pollution was more serious. The potential ecological risk index method revealed that the Taipu River sediment was at a low risk. Cd had a high contribution in both the wet and dry seasons and could be regarded as the main heavy metal of potential ecological risk in the Taipu River sediment. |
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