| 基于高空间分辨网格的郑州市城镇居民PM2.5暴露浓度与健康风险变化评估 |
| 摘要点击 3433 全文点击 2562 投稿时间：2022-04-27 修订日期：2022-06-23 |
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| 中文关键词 城镇居民 PM2.5暴露浓度 健康风险 高空间分辨率网格 治理措施 |
| 英文关键词 urban residents PM2.5 exposure concentration health risk high spatial resolution grids reducing measures |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李媛 | 郑州大学化学学院, 郑州 450001
郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001 | yuanli_96@163.com | | 徐艺斐 | 河南省郑州生态环境监测中心, 郑州 450000 | | | 袁明浩 | 河南省郑州生态环境监测中心, 郑州 450000 | | | 苏方成 | 郑州大学化学学院, 郑州 450001
郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001 | | | 王申博 | 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001
郑州大学生态与环境学院, 郑州 450001 | | | 王克 | 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001
郑州大学生态与环境学院, 郑州 450001 | wangk@zzu.edu.cn | | 张瑞芹 | 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001
郑州大学生态与环境学院, 郑州 450001 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 近年来，我国以PM2.5为特征污染物的复合型大气污染问题依然严峻，居民长期暴露在PM2.5环境中会造成健康损伤，可以增加特定疾病过早死亡.郑州市PM2.5浓度年均值远高于国家Ⅱ级标准，对居民健康造成了极为不利的影响.基于网络数据爬取建立的高空间分辨率人口密度网格，依据室外浓度监测数据和城镇居民源排放量，评估了包括室内和室外暴露的郑州市城镇居民的PM2.5暴露水平，并采用综合暴露-反应模型量化了相应的健康风险，最后评估了不同削减措施与空气质量标准对降低城镇居民PM2.5暴露浓度的贡献.结果表明，2017年和2019年郑州市城镇居民的时间加权PM2.5暴露浓度年均值分别为74.06 μg ·m-3和60.64 μg ·m-3，下降了18.12%.其中室内暴露浓度占时间加权暴露浓度的质量分数分别为83.58%和83.01%，对时间加权暴露浓度下降的贡献率为84.06%.2017年和2019年郑州市与PM2.5暴露相关的过早死亡的25岁以上城镇居民分别为13285人和10323人，下降率为22.30%.当对室内室外环境进行综合治理时，郑州市城镇居民PM2.5暴露浓度最多可下降86.23%，可避免8902人过早死亡. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In recent years, complex air pollution with the characteristic pollutant of PM2.5 has remained serious in China. Long term exposure to PM2.5 might harm residential health and can increase premature death from specific diseases. The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in Zhengzhou was much higher than the national secondary standard, which has an extremely negative impact on the health of residents. Based on the high spatial resolution grids of population density established through web-crawling and outdoor monitoring concentrations and urban residential emissions used to evaluate PM2.5 exposure concentration, the exposure concentration of PM2.5 for urban residents of Zhengzhou was assessed, considering both indoor and outdoor exposures. Relevant health risks were quantified with the integrated exposure-response model. Finally, the contributions of various reducing measures and different standards of air quality to the decreases in PM2.5 exposure concentration were analyzed. The results showed that in 2017 and 2019, the time weighted exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for Zhengzhou's urban residents were 74.06 μg·m-3 and 60.64 μg·m-3, respectively, which was decreased by 18.12%. In addition, the mass fractions of the indoor exposure concentrations in the time weighted exposure concentrations were 83.58% and 83.01%, and its contribution to the drop of the time weighted exposure concentrations was 84.06%. In 2017 and 2019, the numbers of premature deaths attributed to PM2.5 exposures for urban residents of Zhengzhou over the age of 25 were 13285 and 10323, respectively, showing a 22.30% decrease. By using these comprehensive measures, PM2.5 exposure concentration for Zhengzhou's urban residents could be reduced by 86.23% at most, and 8902 premature deaths could be avoided. |
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