| 化肥减量配施有机肥对土壤功能微生物和柠檬产量及品质的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2613 全文点击 875 投稿时间：2022-02-09 修订日期：2022-06-15 |
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| 中文关键词 化肥减量 根际土 氮、 磷功能微生物 柠檬产量和品质 |
| 英文关键词 chemical fertilizer reduction rhizosphere soil nitrogen and phosphorus functional microbes lemon yield and quality |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为明确化肥减量配施有机肥处理非根际/根际土壤功能微生物（硝化、反硝化和溶磷微生物）对柠檬产量和品质的影响，以柠檬果实和非根际/根际土壤为研究对象，将传统果实品质测定与分子生物学技术相结合，探究化肥减量配施有机肥处理非根际/根际土壤功能微生物与柠檬产量和品质之间的相互关系.结果表明：①70%化肥+30%腐熟猪粪处理显著增加硝化强度和磷酸酶活性，但有效控制反硝化酶活性.②化肥减量配施有机肥显著降低硝化微生物和nirS和nirK基因反硝化微生物的丰度.同时，增加nosZ基因反硝化微生物和phoD基因溶磷微生物的丰度.但是，功能微生物群落结构多样性在化肥减量配施有机肥处理没有明确的规律性.③相较于化肥和有机肥，70%化肥+30%腐熟猪粪处理柠檬产量最高，果实品质最佳.④氮素及其转化的相关微生物通过柠檬内在和外观品质显著影响柠檬产量；而磷素及其转化微生物主要通过柠檬内在品质影响柠檬产量.此外，非根际土和根际土对柠檬内在品质的影响因子存在明显的分异现象.由上可知，70%化肥+30%腐熟猪粪处理显著影响土壤氮、磷功能微生物进而提升柠檬产量和品质. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To clarify the effects of non-rhizosphere/rhizosphere soil functional microbes (nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms) on lemon yield and quality, the lemon fruit and non-rhizosphere/rhizosphere soil were selected as subjects. To explore the correlation between non-rhizosphere/rhizosphere soil functional microbes and lemon yield and quality under a chemical fertilizer reduction substitute with organic fertilizer, traditional fruit quality determination and multiple molecular techniques were used. The results showed that:① 30% chemical fertilizer reduction substitute with organic fertilizer increased the nitrification intensity and phosphatase activity but effectively controlled the denitrifying enzyme activity. ② The chemical fertilizer reduction substitute with organic fertilizer significantly decreased the abundances of nitrifiers and nirS/nirK-harboring denitrifiers and significantly increased the abundances of nosZ-harboring denitrifier and phoD-harboring microorganisms. However, the diversities of functional microbial community structure did not have clear regularity under chemical fertilizer reduction substitute with organic fertilizer. ③ Compared with that under the application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer alone, lemon yield and quality were the highest under the 30% reduction of chemical fertilizer substitute with organic fertilizer. ④ Nitrogen and its related microbes significantly affected lemon yield through internal and external quality. Phosphorus and its related microbes affected lemon yield mainly through internal quality. In addition, the influence factors of non-rhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil on lemon intrinsic quality were obviously different. Altogether, these results showed that the 30% reduction of chemical fertilizer substitute with organic fertilizer significantly affected soil nitrogen and phosphorus functional microorganisms and further improved lemon yield and quality. |
