| 长江经济带工业区土壤重金属污染特征与评价 |
| 摘要点击 3566 全文点击 1247 投稿时间：2021-06-29 修订日期：2021-09-08 |
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| 中文关键词 长江经济带 工业区 土壤 重金属 污染 |
| 英文关键词 the Yangtze River Economic Belt industrial region soil heavy metal contamination |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 长江经济带是我国经济快速发展区之一，高度密集的工业活动正加剧该区域的环境压力.工业活动是场地土壤重金属污染的重要来源，但长江经济带工业区土壤重金属污染的空间分布及典型行业污染特征仍不清楚.从中国知网和Web of Science等公共数据库获取了长江经济带11个省市193个工业区表层土壤8种重金属（Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、Hg、As和Zn）的含量，分析了工业区土壤重金属的整体情况、空间分布和典型行业的污染特征.结果表明，长江经济带工业区农用地重金属污染较工业用地严重，其中58.49%、39.53%和22.64%的工业区农用地Cd、Zn和Pb含量超过《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》（GB 15618-2018）的筛选值；地累积指数（Igeo值）分析结果显示，工业区8种重金属污染程度大小依次为Cd（2.52）>Hg（1.17）>Pb（1.00）>Zn（0.90）>Cu（0.72）>As（0.02）>Cr（-0.40）>Ni（-0.48）；经济带不同地区污染情况存在差异，上游和中游工业区以Hg、Cd、As、Cu、Pb和Zn污染为主，而下游工业区重金属含量普遍较低，存在As、Cd和Hg污染；不同工业类别造成的污染不尽相同，采矿行业造成的土壤污染最严重，主要污染物可能为Hg和Cd，其次为Cu、Pb和Zn；金属加工业主要污染物可能为Cd和Pb；化工行业周边土壤各重金属为无污染或仅存在轻度污染，而石油加工业可能主要造成Cd污染.本研究为长江经济带工业区土壤重金属污染评价与防控提供了重要的理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the areas with rapid economic development in China, although the intensive industrial activities have aggravated the emissions of soil pollutants in this area. Industrial activities are important sources of soil heavy metal contamination; however, the spatial distribution and main emission sources of soil heavy metal contamination in industrial regions of the economic belt remain unclear. Here, we collected data on the concentrations of eight heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Hg, As, and Zn) in the surface soils of 193 industrial regions covering 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, and other public databases. On this basis, we analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals and the contamination characteristics of typical industries. The results showed that the heavy metal contamination in agricultural land was more serious than that in industrial land. A total of 58.49%, 39.53%, and 22.64% of the agricultural land, respectively, contained levels of Cd, Zn, and Pb that exceeded the screening values of the Soil Environmental Quality Control Standard for Soil Pollution Risk of Agricultural Land (GB 15618-2018). The results of geo-accumulation index analysis showed that the contamination degree of the eight heavy metals was in the order of Cd (2.52)>Hg (1.17)>Pb (1.00)>Zn (0.90)>Cu (0.72)>As (0.02)>Cr (-0.40)>Ni(-0.48). As for the spatial distribution, Hg, Cd, As, Cu, Pb, and Zn were the main pollutants in the upstream and middle reaches of the industrial regions, whereas As, Cd, and Hg were the main pollutants in the downstream industrial regions. Different types of industry caused different types of contamination. Mining industries caused the most serious soil contamination, the main pollutants of which were Hg and Cd, followed by Cu, Pb, and Zn. Furthermore, metal processing industries mainly caused Cd and Pb contamination. The surrounding soils of chemical industries were contamination-free or only slightly polluted by the eight heavy metals, whereas petroleum processing industries mainly caused Cd contamination. Our study provides important theoretical basis for the future prevention and control of soil heavy metal contamination in industrial regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. |
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