| “大气十条”实施结束川南城市群秋季霾污染过程中水溶性离子特征 |
| 摘要点击 3525 全文点击 1093 投稿时间：2021-06-02 修订日期：2021-08-11 |
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| 中文关键词 PM2.5 水溶性离子 川南城市群 霾 后向轨迹 |
| 英文关键词 PM2.5 water-soluble ions southern Sichuan urban agglomeration haze backward trajectory |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吴安南 | 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225 | wuannan321@163.com | | 黄小娟 | 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225 | xjhuang@cuit.edu.cn | | 何仁江 | 西南医科大学公共卫生学院, 泸州 646000 | | | 李金建 | 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225 | | | 叶秣麟 | 内江市气象局, 内江 641000 | | | 吴涛 | 宜宾市气象局, 宜宾 644000 | | | 肖智丹 | 宜宾市气象局, 宜宾 644000 | | | 刘子锐 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 | | | 王跃思 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 | | | 张小玲 | 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225 | | | 张军科 | 西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 成都 611756 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解《大气污染防治行动计划》（ "大气十条" ）实施结束后川南城市群大气PM2.5的污染状况，于2018年11月7~19日在内江、自贡、宜宾和泸州这4个城市同步采集PM2.5样品，结合天气形势分析了秋季PM2.5及主要水溶性离子的污染特征，并利用后向轨迹聚类分析探讨了区域输送对该地区大气污染的影响.结果表明，川南城市群秋季大气平均ρ（PM2.5）为（67.2±38.3）μg·m-3，泸州最高而内江最低；SNA（SO42-、NO3-和NH4+）在PM2.5中占比为33.3%，其中NO3-为首要离子组分；由"大气十条"实施中期（2015年）至实施结束（2018年），内江、宜宾和泸州秋季ρ（PM2.5）分别增加了13.8%、47.2%和69.1%，自贡持平；由于大气中ρ（SO2）大幅减少而ρ（NO2）减幅较小甚至增加，且缺乏对NH3排放的控制，从2015~2018年各城市秋季ρ（NO3-）增加了36.7%~116.0%，ρ（SO42-）降低了19.8%~40.2%，ρ（NH4+）则变化较小；霾天，表观氮氧化率NOR增加了60.0%~118.2%，而表观硫氧化率SOR增幅较小甚至下降，ρ（NO3-）增加显著，是清洁天2.7~3.0倍，NO3-/SO42-比值也上升至1.7~1.9，说明硝酸盐的二次生成是此次霾污染过程形成的主要化学机制；霾天川南城市群主要受四川盆地内区域输送（尤其是经过重庆的东北气流）的影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the PM2.5 pollution in the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration after the implementation of China's Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP), PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected in four cities (Neijiang, Zigong, Yibin, and Luzhou) from November 7 to 19, 2018. The pollution characteristics of PM2.5 and main water-soluble ions were analyzed in combination with the synoptic situation, and the influence of regional transport on atmospheric pollution was also discussed in this study. The results showed that the mean ρ(PM2.5) in this region was (67.2±38.3) μg·m-3, being highest in Luzhou and lowest in Neijiang. The proportion of SNA (SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+) in PM2.5 was 33.3%, among which NO3- was dominant. From the intermediate stage (2015) to the end(2018) of the implementation of APPCAP, ρ(PM2.5) values were increased by 13.8%, 47.2%, and 69.1% in Neijiang, Yibin, and Luzhou, respectively, though unchanged in Zigong. Due to the significant reduction in ρ(SO2) but slight decrease or increase in ρ(NO2), as well as the lack of controlling NH3 emissions, from 2015 to 2018, ρ(NO3-) had increased by 36.7%-116.0%, whereas ρ(SO42-) decreased by 19.8%-40.2%, and ρ(NH4+) changed slightly in four cities. On haze days, the nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) increased by 60.0%-118.2%, whereas the sulfur oxidation rate (SOR) increased slightly or decreased, leading to a significant increase in ρ(NO3-) (2.7-3.0 times that on clean days) and NO3-/SO42- mass ratios (1.7-1.9 on haze days). These values indicated that the secondary formation of nitrate was the dominant chemical mechanism in this haze process. On haze days, the PM2.5 pollution in this region was mainly affected by the regional transport within Sichuan Basin, particularly by the northeasterly air masses passing through Chongqing. |
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