| 3种常用除草剂对细菌抗生素耐药性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3620 全文点击 1100 投稿时间：2020-09-26 修订日期：2020-11-16 |
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| 中文关键词 抗生素耐药性 基因突变 除草剂 大肠杆菌 突变频率 |
| 英文关键词 antibiotic resistance genetic mutation herbicides Escherichia coli mutation frequency |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 抗生素耐药性的传播已严重威胁全球公共健康，近年来研究发现非抗生素类化学物质也能促进细菌耐药性的产生与传播.然而，除草剂的大量使用是否对细菌耐药性产生影响却鲜见报道.本文以模式菌株大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli DH5α）为研究对象，探究3种常用除草剂（草甘膦、草铵膦和麦草畏）对E.coli DH5α耐药性的影响.结果表明，在土壤环境浓度暴露下，除草剂处理可以改变大肠杆菌对抗生素的敏感性，显著提高大肠杆菌对庆大霉素的耐药能力，其中不同除草剂对细菌耐药性影响效果为：草甘膦 > 麦草畏 > 草铵膦.除草剂暴露30 d后，大肠杆菌突变菌株同时增强了对四环素、氯霉素和氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药能力，其中链霉素的最小抑制浓度提高19.8倍.全基因组测序发现，除草剂可以诱导膜蛋白（ompF、papC）、菌毛蛋白（yraH）和核糖体（rpsL）等与抗生素耐药性相关的基因突变，从而增强其耐药能力.以上结果表明除草剂通过增加染色体基因突变增强细菌耐药能力，从而促进耐药基因在环境中传播的潜在风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The spread of antibiotic resistance has become a serious threat to global public health. Recently, several studies have found that non-antibiotic chemicals can promote the generation and spread of bacterial antibiotic resistance. However, the effects of herbicides on the antibiotic resistance of bacteria remain unclear. In this study, Escherichia coli DH5α was used as the model strain to explore the effects of three commonly used herbicides (glyphosate, glufosinate, and dicamba) on the antibiotic resistance under soil environmental concentrations. The results showed that herbicide exposure affected the sensitivity of E. coli DH5α to antibiotics and significantly improved the resistance of E. coli DH5α to gentamicin (glyphosate > dicamba > glufosinate). After 30 d of herbicide exposure, the E. coli mutant strains enhanced the resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and aminoglycoside antibiotics, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of streptomycin was increased by 19.8 times. The whole-genome sequencing results illustrated that herbicides induced several previously well-characterized mutations associated with membrane proteins (ompF and papC), fimbriae proteins (yraH), and ribosomes (rpsL) related to antibiotic resistance. Together, the results showed that herbicides can enhance the antibiotic resistance of bacteria via inducing genetic mutations, thereby promoting the potential risk of the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. |
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