| 西北石化区周围毒害类空气污染物污染特征及健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 4014 全文点击 1208 投稿时间：2016-04-13 修订日期：2017-02-21 |
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| 中文关键词 西北石化区 毒害类空气污染物 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 污染特征 健康风险评价 致癌风险 非致癌风险 |
| 英文关键词 petrochemical industry in Northwest China hazardous air pollutants VOCs pollution characteristics health risk assessment carcinogenic risk non-carcinogenic risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用SUMMA罐、活性炭吸附及玻璃纤维滤膜富集3种方式，于2014年12月对西北地区3个代表性炼化生产基地周围环境空气收集样品，并采用气相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱法及高效液相色谱法3种方法，对13种典型毒害类物质进行分析，以研究其污染特征和人群健康风险.结果表明，3个石化区周围环境空气中8种毒害类物质普遍检出，检出率超过80%；石化区苯系物、1，3-丁二烯、对二氯苯、苯并［a］芘平均质量浓度范围分别为48.01~182.75 μg·m-3、6.28~7.95 μg·m-3、5.53~12.62 μg·m-3、7.03~36.08 ng·m-3.其中，苯并［a］芘超标最为严重，日均浓度超二级标准限值1.8~13.4倍，苯、甲苯、二甲苯也存在不同程度超标现象.3个石化区苯并［a］芘、1，3-丁二烯非致癌健康风险均已超出可接受的风险水平，兰州石化区周围人群遭受苯的非致癌不良影响风险也较高.与此同时，苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、1，3-丁二烯、对二氯苯、苯并［a］芘的致癌风险均超出了可接受的范围，其中苯、1，3-丁二烯、对二氯苯的致癌风险最为显著. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The samples in the surroundings of three representative petrochemical industries in Northwest China were collected by summa canister/adsorption using activated carbon/glass fiber filter, and then they were analyzed for 13 hazardous air pollutants by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/gas chromatograph/high performance liquid chromatography. The pollution characteristics and human health risk of hazardous air pollutants were discussed. The results showed that 8 hazardous air pollutants existed in the surroundings of all petrochemical industries. The detection frequency for 8 hazardous air pollutants exceeded 80%. The ranges of the average concentrations of benzene series(BTEX), 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, benzo[a]pyrene were 48.01-182.75 μg·m-3, 6.28-7.95 μg·m-3, 5.53-12.62 μg·m-3 and 7.03-36.08 ng·m-3. Daily average concentration of benzo[a]pyrene was 1.8-13.4 times higher than the limit of national standard level-Ⅱ, and those of benzene, toluene and xylene were also over their limits of standard to different degrees. The non-carcinogenic risks of benzo[a]pyrene and 1,3-butadiene were beyond acceptable levels around the three petrochemical industries in Northwest China. Meanwhile, the non-carcinogenic health impact of benzene was appreciable on the exposed population of Lanzhou petrochemical industrial area. The carcinogenic risks of benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene and benzo[a]pyrene were beyond acceptable levels. At the same time, the carcinogenic risks of benzene, 1,3-butadiene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene were significantly higher than their acceptable ranges recommended by US EPA. |
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