| 兰州春夏季PM10碳组分昼夜变化特征与来源分析 |
| 摘要点击 3990 全文点击 1518 投稿时间：2016-08-23 修订日期：2016-11-03 |
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| 中文关键词 可吸入颗粒物 (PM10) 元素碳(EC) 有机碳(OC) 二次有机碳 (SOC) 来源解析 |
| 英文关键词 PM10 elemental carbon organic carbon secondary organic carbon source apportionment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探讨兰州市春夏季大气可吸入颗粒物（PM10）中碳气溶胶的昼夜变化特征及来源，从2015年4月1日至8月30日分白天（08：00~20：00）和夜间（20：00~次日08：00）对兰州市区PM10样品进行采集，并分析了其中的有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）的昼夜浓度.结果表明，采样期间白天PM10、OC和EC的平均浓度分别为（136.0±84.3）、（12.4±3.2）和（2.3±0.7）μg·m-3.夜间，PM10和OC、EC的平均浓度分别为（196.0±109.2）、（16.0±5.3）和（5.0±2.1）μg·m-3.PM10、OC和EC浓度均呈现出夜间高于白天.采样期间白天二次有机碳占有机碳的比值均高于夜间，表明白天受二次有机碳的污染更严重.沙尘日PM10和OC浓度均高于非沙尘日，而EC浓度与非沙尘日接近.沙尘日，二次有机碳和总碳气溶胶的浓度均较高，但对PM10的贡献相对较低.对碳气溶胶8种组分进行主成分分析，结果表明在非沙尘日，白天碳气溶胶主要来源于燃煤、汽油车、柴油车排放和生物质燃烧，夜间主要受到燃煤、扬尘以及柴油车和生物质燃烧的影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols in PM10 for the daytime and nighttime during spring and summer over Lanzhou. The samples were collected from 1 April 2015 to 30 August 2015, daytime samples were collected during 08:00 to 20:00 and nighttime samples during 20:00 to 08:00 on the next day, and organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations were measured. The results showed that PM10, OC and EC concentrations were (136.0±84.3), (12.4±3.2), (2.3±0.7) μg·m-3 during the daytime, and (196.0±109.2), (16.0±5.3), (5.0±2.1) μg·m-3 during the nighttime. The mass concentrations of PM10, OC and EC in the nighttime were higher than those during the daytime. The ratios of secondary organic carbon to total organic carbon were higher in the daytime than nighttime, suggesting that the secondary organic carbon pollution was more serious in the daytime. In sand-dust weather, the concentrations of PM10 and OC were higher than those in non-dust weather, while the EC concentration was close to that in non-dust weather. Secondary organic carbon and total carbon aerosols were higher in sand-dust weather, but the contribution to the PM10 was relatively low. In addition, principal component analysis on the eight carbon fractions of non-dust weather indicated that coal combustion, vehicle exhaust and biomass burning were the major sources for carbonaceous aerosol during the daytime, while coal combustion, dust, diesel exhaust and biomass burning played important roles in the nighttime. |
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