| 磺胺抗性消长与堆肥进程的交互特征 |
| 摘要点击 3534 全文点击 1649 投稿时间：2015-11-05 修订日期：2015-12-14 |
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| 中文关键词 磺胺抗生素 抗性基因 粪便堆肥 HPLC-MS/MS 荧光定量PCR |
| 英文关键词 sulfonamide antibiotics antibiotic resistance gene manure composting HPLC-MS/MS real-time PCR |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于添加和不添加磺胺药[m(磺胺二甲嘧啶SM2):m(磺胺-6-甲氧嘧啶SMM)=1:1]的好氧堆肥试验,分析堆肥过程中鸡粪理化性质、微生物群落代谢特征、磺胺抗生素以及5种抗性基因变化,探明磺胺抗性消长与堆肥过程的交互特征.结果表明,磺胺药添加抑制了堆肥基础呼吸,延长了堆体达到高温的时间,减缓了养分转化速度,显著影响堆肥中期微生物群落结构特征.鸡粪中SMM和SM2在堆肥14 d内即可完全降解,且SMM降解速率高于SM2.随堆肥进行,sul1和sul2呈先下降后轻微回升的趋势,磺胺药添加对sul1 和IntI1 丰度无明显提高作用,但可促进sul 2 扩散.堆肥过程中,tetQ和tetW 变化与磺胺抗性基因不同,但磺胺药添加亦增加tetQ和tetW相对丰度.冗余分析结果显示,温度与 sul1、sul2 和IntI1 明显负相关,与tetQ和tetW无明显相关性; 5种抗性基因相对丰度均与碳氮比和硝态氮含量负相关,与pH、含水率和铵态氮含量正相关. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on aerobic manure composting with or without the addition of a mixture of sulfadimethoxine SM2 and sulfamonomethoxine SMM (1:1, m/m), changes in the physic-chemical properties of manure compost, the microbial community physiological profiles, the antibiotics concentration and the abundances of five antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during the composting were tracked. The results indicated that the introduction of sulfonamide antibiotics led to inhibition on the basal respiration of manure compost during the early composting period, delayed the formation of thermophilic temperature and reduced the conversion of nutrients such as organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Meanwhile, the introduction of sulfonamide antibiotics dramatically affected the physiological profile of microbial community in manure in the middle stage of composting. HPLC-MS/MS results showed that both SMM and SM2 in manure were completely degraded within 14 days, while the degradation rate of SMM was faster than that of SM2. For both composting treatments with or without addition of exogenous antibiotics, the relative abundance of sul1 and sul2 showed an initial decline in the first 14 or 21 days and a slight increase thereafter. The addition of exogenous antibiotics showed insignificant enhancement on increasing the relative abundance of sul1 and IntI1 in manure, but resulted in an apparent increase in sul2 relative abundance. Although the fates of tetQ and tetW during composting were different from that of sulfonamide ARGs, the introduction of sulfonamide antibiotics into manure increased the relative abundance of tetracycline ARGs. Redundancy analysis indicated that composting temperature correlated negatively with sul1, sul2 and IntI1 relative abundance in manure but had no obvious relationship with tetQ and tetW relative abundance. All the ARGs detected in this work correlated negatively with C/N ratio and the nitrate nitrogen concentration of manure compost but positively correlated with pH, moisture and ammonia nitrogen concentration of manure compost. |
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