| 蜈蚣草中芘与砷的赋存特征及其相互作用 |
| 摘要点击 2095 全文点击 1383 投稿时间：2015-04-27 修订日期：2015-07-24 |
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| 中文关键词 芘 砷 蜈蚣草 植物修复 交互影响 |
| 英文关键词 pyrene arsenate Pteris vittata L. phytoremediation interaction |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张玉秀 | 中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院, 环境生物工程系, 北京 100083 | zhangyuxiu@cumtb.edu.cn | | 马旭 | 中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院, 环境生物工程系, 北京 100083
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 环境损害与污染修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 廖晓勇 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 环境损害与污染修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100101 | liaoxy@igsnrr.ac.cn | | 阎秀兰 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 环境损害与污染修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 马栋 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 环境损害与污染修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100101 | | | 龚雪刚 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 环境损害与污染修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100101 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 超富集植物蜈蚣草能够累积土壤环境中的砷,为探明蜈蚣草植株中芘的赋存特征及其与砷的相互作用,采用双光子激光共聚焦扫描显微技术检测观察芘在该植物中赋存和分布规律. 结果表明,添加芘导致蜈蚣草各部位砷含量显著降低,其中叶部和茎部砷含量下降幅度达35%左右,根部砷含量减少20.5%. 芘的添加使得植物各部位三价砷比例下降,五价砷比例升高,蜈蚣草叶部三价砷和五价砷赋存浓度下降幅度最大,下降幅度分别为42.2%和32.49%. 添加砷可促进蜈蚣草根部和茎部中芘的积累,每株分别增加了9.8 μg和139 ng,但对叶部中芘的积累无显著影响. 芘主要分布于蜈蚣草细胞膜与细胞内部的细胞器膜结构及细胞核核膜附近,但细胞质中芘的含量较少,茎部韧皮部与皮层以及叶部栅栏组织和海绵组织中几乎没有检测到芘. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Pteris vittata L. can absorb and accumulate high arsenic levels in soil. To clarify the occurrence characteristics of pyrene(PYR) and arsenate(As) as well as their interaction in P. vittata L., the hosting and distribution rules of PYR were determined via two-photon laser scanning confocal microscopy (TPLSCM). The results showed that PYR addition resulted in obviously lower concentrations of total As in various parts of P. vittata, with a largest decrease of about 35% in the leaves and stem, and 20.5% in the roots. PYR addition could also decrease the proportion of trivalent arsenic and increased that of pentavalent arsenate in different parts of P. vittata. The concentrations of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic in the leaves of P. vittata showed the largest decrement, which were 42.2% and 32.49%, respectively. Arsenate addition increased the accumulation of PYR in the root and stem of P. vittata by 9.8 μg and 139 ng per plant, respectively, while no obvious influence was found on the PYR in the leaves. Pyrene mainly attached to the cell membrane and other membrane structure such as nuclear membrane and organelle membrane, and there was less pyrene in the cytoplasm. There was little PYR in the phloem and cortex in the stem as well as palisade tissue and spongy tissue in leaves. |
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