| 3种典型有机污染物对2种水生生物的急性毒性及安全评价 |
| 摘要点击 2838 全文点击 1731 投稿时间：2014-12-29 修订日期：2015-03-23 |
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| 中文关键词 1,2,4-三氯苯 硝基苯 毒死蜱 水生生物 急性毒性 安全评价 |
| 英文关键词 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene nitrobenzene chlorpyrifos aquatic organisms acute toxic effects safety assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 在实验室条件下研究了1,2,4-三氯苯(1,2,4-TCB)、硝基苯和毒死蜱这3种典型有机污染物对我国两种本土淡水水生生物霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)和嗜热四膜虫(Tetrahymena thermophila)的急性毒性效应,并进行生物安全性评价. 结果表明,随污染物浓度增加和时间的延长,3种污染物的毒性均明显增强,两种水生生物的死亡率上升,呈明显剂量-效应关系. 1,2,4-TCB、硝基苯和毒死蜱对霍甫水丝蚓的96 h半致死效应浓度(96 h-LC50)分别为71.88、285.76和5.50 mg·L-1,对四膜虫的96 h-EC50分别为15.58、140.22和14.69 mg·L-1. 3种典型污染物的毒性评估结果表明,1,2,4-TCB对霍甫水丝蚓表现为中等毒性,硝基苯为低等毒性,而毒死蜱则表现为高等毒性; 3种污染物对嗜热四膜虫的毒性顺序依次为:1,2,4-三氯苯>毒死蜱>硝基苯. 研究结果将为开展水生态风险评估,制定和完善我国水质基准提供本土数据支持. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Acute toxic effects of three typical organic pollutants 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB), nitrobenzene and chlorpyrifos were investigated using Tetrahymena thermophila and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri as living test organisms under laboratory conditions. The results showed that with the increase of pollutants' concentration and the extension of time, toxicity of the three kinds of pollutants significantly enhanced, and the mortality of two kinds of aquatic organisms also had a rising trend, and an obvious dose-effect relationship. The 96 h-LC50 values of 1,2,4-TCB, nitrobenzene and chlorpyrifos were 71.88, 285.76, and 5.50 mg·L-1 for L. hoffmeisteri and 15.58, 140.22, and 14.69 mg·L-1 for T. thermophila. These results showed that the toxicity among the three typical pollutants to T. thermophila was 1, 2,4-TCB>chlorpyrifos>nitrobenzene. Findings were able to provide more information on water quality criteria and more data on their toxicity to indigenous aquatic organisms in China. |
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