| 影响浑太河流域鱼类群落结构的不同尺度环境因子分析 |
| 摘要点击 2610 全文点击 1782 投稿时间：2014-02-06 修订日期：2014-03-31 |
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| 中文关键词 浑太河 鱼类 环境因子 不同尺度 典范对应分析 |
| 英文关键词 Huntai River fish environmental factors different scales canonical correspondence analysis |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 于2012年5月对浑太河流域65个采样点的鱼类进行调查采样. 共采集到鱼类40种，分属9目14个科33属. 其中鳅科鱼类占13.21%，鲤科占65.83%，构成了浑太河鱼类群落的主要部分. 不同河流鱼类群落也有所不同，浑太河流域鱼类可分为2种分布类型，即上游林地为主的区域及支流源头区和中下游平原区. 太子河葠窝水库上游和浑河大伙房水库上游区域的优势种类为北方条鳅（Nemachilus nudus）、北方花鳅（Cobitis granoei）和洛氏鱥（Phoxinus lagowskii），浑河和太子河平原区的优势种类为鲫（Carassius ayratus）和餐条（Hemiculter leucisculus）. 采用典范对应分析（CCA）方法定量分析流域、河段和微生境尺度环境因子对鱼类空间分布的影响. 结果表明，浑太河流域鱼类空间分布主要受到流域和河段这2种尺度上环境因子的影响. 在流域尺度上，林地、城镇建设用地、海拔对鱼类空间分布表现出显著影响，在河段尺度上，溶解氧、总氮、pH和栖息地质量对鱼类空间分布表现出显著影响. 而微生境尺度上的底质类型则未对鱼类空间分布产生显著影响. 流域尺度环境因子对鱼类群落结构变异的解释率为7.66%，河段尺度环境因子对鱼类群落结构变异的解释率为10.57%. 河段尺度环境因子对鱼类群落结构的影响更为显著. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In June 2012, fishes was investigated at 65 sampling sites in the Huntai River basin in Northeast of China. Forty species were collected, belonging to 9 orders, 14 families,33 genera. Cobitidae and Cyprinidae were the dominant fishes in the community structure in the Huntai River basin, accounting for 13.21% and 65.83% of the fish community, respectively. There were two types of spatial distribution of fish community, one was distributed in the head water and tributaries in the upstream, and the other was in the plain rivers. Nemachilus nudus, Cobitis granoei and Phoxinus lagowskii dominated the local community in the upper reaches of the Dahuofang Reservoir and shenwo River, while Carassius ayratus and Hemiculter leucisculus dominated the local community in the plain rivers. CCA(canonical correspondence analysis) was used to distinguish the primary environmental variables that affected the fish community structure. The results indicated fish community was mainly affected by environment factors at watershed and reach scales. Proportions of woodland and urban land, and altitude were three important environmental factors affecting the fish community at the watershed scale. Dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, pH and habitat inhomogeneity significantly affected the fish community at the reach scale, whereas substrate didnt show significant influence at the microhabitat scale. Environmental factors at watershed scale explained 7.66% of the variation of fish community structure, environmental factors at reach scale explained 10.57% of the variation of fish community structure. Environmental factors at reach scale influenced the fish community more significantly. |
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