| 微囊藻毒素微生物降解途径与分子机制研究进展 |
| 摘要点击 3731 全文点击 2225 投稿时间：2013-07-18 修订日期：2013-09-03 |
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| 中文关键词 微囊藻毒素 微生物降解 降解途径 分子机制 研究进展 |
| 英文关键词 microcystins microbial degradation biodegradation pathway molecular mechanism review |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 随着大量含氮和磷的废水流入湖泊和江河，导致淡水蓝藻水华污染现象日趋严重. 蓝藻水华污染的最主要危害是产生和释放以微囊藻毒素（microcystins，MCs）为主的多种藻毒素. 由于MCs对动植物具有很强的毒性，且其在水体中很难被传统的处理方法有效去除，因此如何有效控制蓝藻水华污染和去除MCs是摆在中外环境科学领域的一个难题. 针对MCs的结构与毒性、降解菌株、酶催化降解、降解基因和生物降解途径与分子机制的研究进展进行了综述，并对今后微生物降解 MCs的研究方向进行了展望，以期为解决我国日益严峻的湖库水体 MCs污染和饮用水安全问题提供参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With increasing discharge of wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus into rivers and lakes, harmful cyanobacterial blooms have become more frequent worldwide. The main harm of cyanobacterial blooms is producing and releasing a great amount of algal toxins mainly containing microcystins (MCs). Since MCs are extremely harmful to plants and animals and difficult to be removed efficiently by the traditional processing methods, how to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms and remove MCs have become an unsolved problem in the field of environmental science all over the world. This paper summarized the structure and toxicity of MCs, the MCs-biodegrading bacterial strains, the enzymes, the genes, and the biodegradation pathway and molecular mechanism of MCs. The further research subjects were also proposed. It was hoped that this review could provide a reference for restoring MCs-polluted lakes and reservoirs and ensuring drinking water safety. |
