| 土地利用对洱海罗时江小流域土壤微塑料污染的影响 |
| 摘要点击 619 全文点击 56 投稿时间：2023-06-07 修订日期：2023-07-24 |
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| 中文关键词 微塑料（MPs） 土壤 土地利用 污染特征 洱海罗时江小流域 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics（MPs） soil land use pattern pollution characteristics Luoshijiang sub-watershed of Erhai Lake Basin |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤环境中微塑料污染受到广泛关注,但小流域尺度下不同土地利用方式对微塑料污染影响的认识相对不足.以洱海北部罗时江小流域为研究对象,分析耕地、河岸带、草地和林地土壤中微塑料污染特征,利用聚合物风险指数法评估4种地类土壤的污染风险,探讨土地利用对土壤微塑料污染的影响.结果表明：①罗时江小流域土壤微塑料丰度在220~1 900 n·kg-1之间,平均丰度为（711 ± 55）n·kg-1,主要聚合物类型为聚酯（PES,32.52%）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET,21.95%）,粒径集中于0.5~2 mm（61.89%）,超过75%的微塑料为纤维状,颜色以透明为主（58.50%）.②小流域土地利用方式决定土壤微塑料的丰度和污染特征,人类活动强度更大的耕地[（885 ± 95）n·kg-1]和河岸带[（837 ± 155）n·kg-1]土壤微塑料丰度显著高于林地[（491 ± 53）n·kg-1]（P<0.05）,薄膜和碎片状微塑料主要赋存于耕地土壤,微塑料聚合物类型和颜色种类也以耕地土壤最为丰富.③耕地土壤微塑料风险指数等级（Ⅲ级）高于其余3种地类（Ⅰ级）.研究表明,小流域内人类活动强度越大的土地利用方式,其土壤微塑料赋存特征越复杂,聚合物类型更丰富,潜在污染风险越高,应加强对耕地土壤微塑料污染的管控. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microplastic pollution in the soil environment has received extensive attention, but the effects of different land use patterns on the sub-watershed scale on soil microplastic pollution are poorly understood. The Luoshijiang sub-watershed in the north of Erhai Lake was selected as the research object, and the characteristics of microplastic pollution in farmland, riparian zone, grassland, and woodland soils were analyzed. The pollution risks of microplastics in the four types of soil were assessed using the polymer risk index method, and the effects of land use patterns on the distribution and risk of microplastic pollution were further explored. The results showed that:① The abundance of microplastics in the soil of the Luoshijiang sub-watershed ranged from 220 to 1 900 n·kg-1, and the average abundance was (711 ± 55) n·kg-1. The main polymer types were polyester (PES, 32.52%) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 21.95%). The particle size of microplastics was concentrated in the range of 0.5-2 mm (61.89%). Fiber was the main shape of microplastics (>75%), and the dominant color was transparent (58.50%). ② Land use patterns determined the abundance and pollution characteristics of soil microplastics in the Luoshijiang sub-watershed. A significantly higher abundance of microplastics was found in the soil of farmland[(885 ± 95) n·kg-1] and riparian zone[(837 ± 155) n·kg-1], which had stronger intensities of human activity, than that in woodland soil[(491 ± 53) n·kg-1] (P<0.05). Film and fragment microplastics mainly occurred in farmland soil, which also had the largest number of polymer types and the most abundant colors. ③ The risk index level of microplastics (Level Ⅲ) in the soil of farmland was higher than that of the other three land use patterns (Level Ⅰ). This research indicated that the higher the intensity of human activities of a sub-watershed was, the more complex the occurrence characteristics of soil microplastics, the richer the types of polymers, and the higher the potential pollution risks would be. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the control of soil microplastic pollution in farmland. |
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