| 铅锌冶炼厂周边农田土壤重金属污染空间分布特征及风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 3293 全文点击 1038 投稿时间：2018-03-06 修订日期：2018-07-21 |
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| 中文关键词 冶炼厂 重金属污染 农田土壤 空间分布 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词 smelter heavy metal contamination farmland soil spatial distribution risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以焦作某铅锌冶炼厂为例，采用网格布点法在冶炼厂周围64 km2范围内采集表层农田土壤样品135个.在实验室测定了土壤重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni、V、Co）含量，利用Arcgis 10.1进行克里格插值分析研究区域农田土壤中重金属的空间分布特征，并利用富集因子法、潜在生态风险以及健康风险模型对研究区域农田土壤中重金属污染状况及潜在风险进行评价.结果表明，研究区域农田土壤中Cd、Pb、Cr、Zn的平均值均高于河南省A层土壤元素背景值，Cd的平均值为国家土壤环境质量二级标准的2.8倍；研究区域内总体污染分布呈西高东低，中部冶炼厂附近为Pb、Cd重度污染区，在3 km范围内距离工厂越近污染越严重.在研究区域内，Cd为重度污染，部分样点Pb、Cu、Zn污染较严重，Cr、Co为轻度污染，Ni和V几乎不受工厂影响.风险评估结果显示，研究区域内Cd存在严重的潜在生态风险和健康风险，Pb、Cu存在较严重潜在生态风险，Cr存在较严重的致癌风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Surface farmland soil samples were collected from 135 different sites in a 64 km2 area around a lead and zinc smelter in Jiaozuo City, China. The concentration of the selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, V, and Co) was analyzed and the spatial distribution of these heavy metals in the farmland was determined using the kriging interpolation technique (ArcGis 10.1). The enrichment factor, potential ecological risk model, and potential health risk model were used to assess the contamination level and potential risk of heavy metals in farmland surface soil. The results show that the average contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, and Zn in farmland soil are higher than the background content of these metals in the Henan Province and the average content of Cd is 2.8 times higher than that of class Ⅱ of the environmental quality standard for soils in China (GB 15618-1995). The heavy metal contamination in the west of the study area is higher than that in the east and the soil around the lead and zinc smelter (within 3 km) is severely contaminated with Pb and Cd, which is consistent with the location of the industries causing the pollution. The enrichment factors show that the soil is severely contaminated with Cd; partial sampling points are seriously contaminated with Pb, Cu, and Zn; the Cr and Co pollution is small; and Ni and V are almost not affected by human activities. The results of the risk assessment indicate that Cd poses serious ecological and health risks, Pb and Cu pose serious ecological risks, and Cr poses a serious cancer risk. |
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