| 高效反硝化细菌的快速培养及群落结构多样性分析 |
| 摘要点击 2296 全文点击 764 投稿时间：2017-01-18 修订日期：2017-03-25 |
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| 中文关键词 快速培养 高效反硝化细菌 发酵液 生物群落结构 生物多样性 |
| 英文关键词 rapid culture high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria fermented liquid microbial community structure biological diversity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 培养高效的反硝化细菌可提高污水处理效率.本实验为序批式实验，以Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号发酵液为碳源，采用梯度提高硝氮的方式，培养高效的反硝化细菌，从中选择培养更加快速的发酵液.并采用高通量测序技术分析反硝化细菌的生物群落结构和多样性的变化.结果表明，Ⅱ号发酵液能够在第11 d便实现高效反硝化细菌[300 mg·（L·h）-1]的快速培养，比Ⅰ号发酵液提前了17 d，同时，高效反硝化细菌系统对氨氮和总磷有一定的去除效果，最大去除速率分别为34.43 mg·（L·h）-1和2.98 mg·（L·h）-1.高通量测序分析结果表明，污泥经过驯化培养，物种丰度和多样性降低，但发挥反硝化作用的优势菌群的类别和比例得到增大；细菌的组成及数量发生了较大的改变，最终发挥高效反硝化作用的核心菌属为Thauera和Pseudomonas.另外，反硝化聚磷菌科（Rhodocyclaceae和Pseudomonadaceae）和异养硝化菌属（Pseudomonas、Alcaligenes、Bacillus和Comamonas）的存在，验证了系统对氨氮和总磷的去除能力. |
| 英文摘要 |
| High-efficiency denitrifying bacteria can improve wastewater treatment efficiency. In order to rapidly culture high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria, batch trials were conducted at different carbon sources (No. 1 and No. 2 fermented liquid) and NO3--N concentration gradients (30 mg·L-1-150 mg·L-1-300 mg·L-1). The results showed that No. 2 fermented liquid could finish high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria[300 mg·(L·h)-1] cultivation in 11 d, which is 17 d before No.1 fermented liquid could. At the same time, high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria could effectively remove ammonia-nitrogen and total phosphorus, and maximum removal rates were 34.43 mg·(L·h)-1 and 2.98 mg·(L·h)-1, respectively. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing was employed to characterize and compare the community structure and diversity. The species abundance and diversity were reduced but the category and proportion of denitrifying bacteria were increased. In addition, bacteria composition and quantity changed after cultivation and Thauera and Pseudomonas were the dominant contributors to the effective removal of nitrate in the SBR(sequencing batch reactor). Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria (Rhodocyclaceae and Pseudomonadaceae) and heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria (Pseudomonas,Alcaligenes,Bacillus, and Comamonas) proved the capacity of the system to remove ammonia-nitrogen and total phosphorus. |
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