| 不同粒径垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属毒性浸出及生物可给性 |
| 摘要点击 2434 全文点击 1072 投稿时间：2016-05-19 修订日期：2016-07-26 |
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| 中文关键词 焚烧飞灰 粒径分级 重金属 浸出毒性 生物可给性 |
| 英文关键词 fly ash size distribution heavy metal leaching toxicity bio-accessibility |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王春峰 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | chunfeng1314_wang@163.com | | 陈冠飞 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 朱艳臣 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 姚丹 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 皇晓晨 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 王连军 | 南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院, 江苏省化工污染控制与资源化重点实验室, 南京 210094 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 对城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的化学性质和粒径分级毒性进行分析研究，并采用美国EPA的毒性浸出程序TCLP（toxicity characteristic leaching procedure）、欧盟危险废物鉴别浸出标准（EN12457-2）、逐级浸出程序SEP（sequential extraction procedure）与体外模拟实验方法PBET（physiologically based extraction test）对不同粒径的焚烧飞灰中重金属浸出效果进行对比研究. 结果表明，焚烧飞灰的主要组成元素为Ca、Si、Al、Mg、Fe、Na和K；58.7%的飞灰粒径分布在38~106 μm，粒径小于150 μm的焚烧飞灰占总量的90%以上. 重金属Cu、Pb和Cd等在各粒径飞灰中主要以残渣态的形式存在，可交换态较少. TCLP 结果证实，除As和V外，Zn、Cu 和Pb 的浸出量随飞灰粒径的减小呈先增大后减少的趋势，粒径在38~106 μm下Zn的浸出量最大为547 mg·kg-1，而采用欧盟浸出标准，所有粒径飞灰的重金属浸出量都较低. PBET实验中Zn、Pb、Cu和As的浸取浓度分别达3270、339、335和16.8 mg·kg-1，其结果显著高于TCLP重金属浸出量，说明焚烧飞灰中重金属对于人体具有潜在的生物有效性. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Size fractionation and chemical composition of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash were investigated. And the leaching efficiency of heavy metals was contrastively studied using toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), European standard protocol (EN12457-2), sequential extraction procedure (SEP) and physiologically based extraction test (PBET) for different size-fractionated fly ash. The results indicated that the main compositing elements of fly ash were Ca, Si, Al, Mg, Fe, Na, K. 58.7% of fly ash particles were in the range of 38-106 μm and the amount in the<150 μm particle-size fraction accounted for more than 90% of in total, Cu, Pb and Cd mainly existed in the residual form with a minor amount of exchange fraction for any size-fractioned fly ash particles. TCLP result showed that leaching amounts of Zn, Cu and Pb, except for As and V, firstly increased and then decreased with the reduction of particle size. The leaching amount of Zn reached the highest value of 547 mg·kg-1 in the range of 38-106 μm, whereas the leaching amount of heavy metals exhibited a lower level for all size-fractioned fly ash particles. The extraction concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu and As reached 3270, 339, 335 and 16.8 mg·kg-1 for the PBET tests, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the TCLP. Therefore, heavy metals in MSWI fly ash had the potential bioavailability to human body. |
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