| 废旧电容器封存点土壤中的PCBs污染特征和健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 2457 全文点击 1062 投稿时间：2013-06-13 修订日期：2013-07-22 |
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| 中文关键词 多氯联苯 电容器 污染特征 毒性风险 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 polychlorinated biphenyl capacitor distribution profiles toxicity risk human health risk |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 周玲莉 | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | zhoull@craes.org.cn | | 吴广龙 | 环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心, 北京 100035 | | | 薛南冬* | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | xuend@craes.org.cn | | 杨兵 | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | | 李发生 | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | | 丁琼* | 环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心, 北京 100035 | ding.qiong@mepfeco.org.cn | | 周丹丹 | 台州市环境科学设计研究院, 台州 318000 | | | 燕云仲 | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | | 刘博 | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | | 韩宝禄 | 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以某废旧电容器封存点为例，研究了废旧电容器封存点土壤中PCBs的污染特征以及类二(口恶)英类PCBs的毒性风险，并应用健康风险模型评估了居住用地和工业用地方式下封存点土壤PCBs污染对人体的致癌和非致癌风险.结果表明：封存点0~30 cm、30~100 cm及200~250 cm土壤中∑PCBs平均浓度分别达到6.23、19.3和1540 mg·kg-1，并以3~4氯代PCBs为主.毒性当量结果表明，封存点∑WHO-TEQ最高达到457 μg·kg-1，具有较高的毒性风险，其中PCB126是封存点土壤中总TEQ的主要贡献者.健康风险评价结果表明，在居民用地方式下，多种暴露途径导致的儿童及成人的累积非致癌风险（0.927~1760）几乎都超过可接受非致癌风险水平，其中儿童为最敏感受体.工业用地方式下，除表土以外，工人的累积非致癌风险均超过了可接受水平.居住和工业用地方式下土壤中PCBs的总致癌风险均超过了可接受风险水平（10-6~10-5）.不同土地利用方式下对于所有人群，经口暴露的致癌和非致癌风险都最大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Concentration profiles of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and toxicity risks of dioxin-like PCBs were investigated in soils collected from a capacitor-burial site. Based on the USEPA model of human health risk assessment, cancer and non-cancer risks for these soils were also estimated when used for residential and industrial purposes. It was observed that the average concentrations of total PCBs (∑PCBs, 22 congeners) in the soils were 6.23, 19.3, and 1540 mg·kg-1 at different depths of 0-30 cm, 30-100 cm, and 200-250 cm, respectively. Tri-CBs and Tetra-CBs were the largest contributors to the total concentrations in the soils, making up 75.7%-94.0%. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQs) of total PCBs was up to 457 μg·kg-1, and PCB 126 had the highest contribution. Health risk assessment showed that under residential land uses, children was the most sensitive receptor although cumulative non-carcinogenic risks for both children and adults (0.927-1760) nearly exceeded the acceptable level, while under industrial land uses except for the topsoil, the total non-carcinogenic risks for workers exceeded the acceptable level. Under residential and industrial land uses, PCBs in the soils had high carcinogenic risks that were more than the acceptable level of carcinogenic risks (10-6-10-5). Inhalation exposure was the major way subjected to the carcinogenic risk as well as to the non-carcinogenic risk, regardless of children, adults, and workers involved. |
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