| 成都平原PM2.5中碳质组分时空分布特征与来源 |
| 摘要点击 2236 全文点击 868 投稿时间：2019-08-27 修订日期：2019-10-10 |
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| 中文关键词 有机碳 元素碳 成都平原 二次有机碳(SOC) 源解析 生物质燃烧 |
| 英文关键词 organic carbon elemental carbon the Chengdu Plain secondary organic carbon(SOC) source apportionment biomass burning |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了探究成都平原碳质气溶胶污染特征及来源，于德阳、成都和眉山三地采集了1 a的PM2.5样品，利用光热透射法测量其有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）.3个点年均碳质气溶胶的质量浓度（μg·m-3）分别为眉山（OC：15.8±9.6，EC：6.6±5.3） > 成都（OC：13.0±7.5，EC：4.7±3.6） > 德阳（OC：9.6±6.1，EC：3.4±2.6），对应的总碳质气溶胶（TCA）在PM2.5中的占比分别为36%、34%和30%.由EC示踪法估算获得二次有机碳（SOC）在OC中的占比分别为眉山38%、成都46%和德阳47%.OC和EC质量浓度季节变化显著，呈现出秋冬季高夏季低的特征，在2013年10月12~13日、12月2~7日和2014年1月中下旬出现峰值，同期气溶胶中K+质量浓度激增，说明这些污染过程中生物质燃烧有重要贡献.PMF模型对碳质气溶胶来源解析结果表明，该地区总碳（TC）的主要来源为生物质燃烧源（46%~56%）、二次有机气溶胶源（26%~38%）、机动车排放源（9%~12%）、扬尘源（3%~4%）、燃煤源（2%~3%）和工业源（1%~2%），生物质燃烧源全年范围内对TC有显著贡献，尤以秋冬两季贡献最高. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols, one-year PM2.5 samples were analyzed for their organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) content, following the thermal/optical transmission protocol in three cities[Deyang (DY), Chengdu (CD), and Meishan (MS)] in the Chengdu Plain. The observed annual average concentrations (μg·m-3) were in the following order:MS (15.8±9.6 OC and 6.6±5.3 EC) > CD (13.0±7.5 OC and 4.7±3.6 EC) > DY (9.6±6.1 OC and 3.4±2.6 EC). Organic matter (1.6OC) and EC was regarded as the total carbonaceous aerosols (TCA) amount, and the TCA/PM2.5 ratios at the three above-mentioned cities were 36%, 34%, and 30% respectively. The EC-trace method was used to estimate secondary organic carbon (SOC), which accounted for 38%, 46%, and 47% of total OC in MS, CD, and DY. Daily variations of OC and EC concentrations exhibited significant daily variations, with simultaneous peaks on Oct. 12th to 13th, 2013, Dec. 2nd to 7th, 2013, and mid-to-late Jan., 2014. The surging concentrations of K+ during the pollution period implied the contribution of biomass burning to heavy pollution. Six sources were resolved by the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, whose contributions to the total carbon (TC) were:biomass burning (46%-56%), secondary aerosols (26%-38%), vehicle emission (9%-12%), fugitive dust (3%-4%), coal combustion (2%-3%), and industry emission (1%-2%). Biomass burning activities presented a significant influence on TC throughout the year, especially in autumn and winter. |
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