| 广东大宝山矿区土壤植物体系重金属迁移过程及风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 2485 全文点击 773 投稿时间：2019-06-30 修订日期：2019-08-23 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属 土壤 植物 风险评价 大宝山 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metal soil plant risk assessment Dabaoshan Mountain |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为研究矿区重金属在土壤-植物体系中的分布特征、迁移过程以及生态风险，分析了广东大宝山废弃采矿场地及附近农田的土壤和植物中重金属含量，揭示了重金属从土壤到植物的迁移累积特征，并评价了其生态风险.结果表明，研究区域大部分土壤pH小于5，Cu、Pb及Al等重金属易从土壤中释放并被植物吸收累积.沙溪镇农田Cd污染严重，凡洞废弃采矿场地受Cd、Pb、Cu和As污染严重，存在严重的生态风险.新江镇农田也存在严重的生态风险，Cu、As和Cd是主要的潜在生态风险因子.采集的8种植物大多数重金属含量均高于一般植物，尤其是Al和Fe的含量.植物地上部分10%的BCF和18%的TF值高于1，表明植物吸收的重金属基本累积在根部.废弃矿区乌毛蕨和芒草地上部分重金属含量不高，是重金属耐受规避型植物，具备潜在的土壤重金属污染固定修复能力.农田杂草裸柱菊对Cd表现出较强的富集能力；水稻主要在根部富集As及Cd，属于根部囤积型植物. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study analyzed heavy metal concentrations in mining/agricultural soil and plant samples from the Dabaoshan mining-impacted region, Guangdong Province, and evaluated the corresponding health risks. The results showed that most of the soil samples exhibited a pH<5, which, in some cases, facilitated the release of Cu, Pb, and Al from soil and hence affected the availability for plant uptake. Farmland in Shaxi town was found to be seriously polluted by Cd, whereas the mining area was seriously polluted by Cd, Pb, Cu, and As, which present potential ecological risks. Farmland in Xinjiang town was seriously polluted by Cu, As, and Cd, and also present ecological risks for this area. The concentrations of heavy metals (especially Al and Fe) in the eight plant species assessed were mostly higher than that in plants grown in non-contaminated soil. Only 10% of the bioconcentration factors and 18% of the translocation factors were higher than 1 in the aerial parts of plants, indicating that most heavy metals were concentrated in plant roots. Heavy metal concentrations in shoots of Miscanthus and Blechnum orientale were not high, and their accumulation from soil to plant was poor. These plants are excluder species and can be used for in situ phyto-stabilization and management. Weeds like Soliva anthemifolia species in contaminated agricultural field showed a strong enrichment ability for Cd. Rice mainly accumulated As and Cd in the roots and belongs to root compartment plants. |
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