| 重金属污染农田生菜根际重金属固定细菌群落组成及其阻控效应 |
| 摘要点击 2175 全文点击 669 投稿时间：2019-06-08 修订日期：2019-06-18 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属固定细菌 生菜 群落结构 钝化 吸附 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria lettuce community structure immobilization absorb |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王铁军 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | 179144456@qq.com | | 苏楠楠 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 雷鹏 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 邱明洋 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 陈兆进 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 姚伦广 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 韩辉 | 南阳师范学院农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | 17657311626@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了了解高含量重金属对蔬菜根际土壤可培养细菌和重金属固定细菌群落的影响，发掘其中的微生物资源，从河南省新乡市郊区采集一份高含量重金属污染（HY）和一份低含量重金属污染（DK）意大利生菜根际土壤，通过可培养分离技术和溶液吸附实验比较其重金属固定细菌的群落差异，通过水培实验研究功能菌株对生菜生长和富集Cd和Pb的影响.从HY和DK样品中各分离出400株细菌：HY样品中的400株细菌隶属于3门14属，其中β-Proteobacteria是优势门，而DK样品中的400株细菌隶属于4门30属，Firmicutes是优势门.HY样品中的400株细菌中有146株细菌对Cd和Pb的吸附率均大于80%，Brevundimonas、Serratia、Arthrobacter和Pseudarthrobacter为主要的属.而DK样品中的400株细菌中有44株细菌对Cd和Pb的吸附率均大于80%，Bacillus为主要的属.与不接菌对照相比，重金属固定细菌Serratia liquefaciens HY-22、Bacillus thuringensis HY-53和Acinetobacter lwoffii HY-157均能显著提高意大利生菜和花叶生菜根部（7.5%~77.6%）和地上部（15.4%~67.2%）干重，降低意大利生菜根部和地上部Cd （38.7%~66.6%）和Pb （34.7%~62.5%）的含量，此外Bacillus thuringensis HY-53能够使意大利生菜和花叶生菜新鲜叶片中Cd和Pb的含量达到食品安全国家标准.研究结果为Cd和Pb污染农田的修复和农作物的安全生产提供菌种资源和理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the diversity of culturable bacteria and heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria in vegetable rhizosphere soil with high concentrations of heavy metals and explore these microbial resources, two samples of Italian lettuce rhizosphere soil with high heavy metal concentration (HY) and low heavy metal concentration (DK) were collected from Xinxiang, Henan Province. The diversity of culturable bacteria and heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of lettuce was compared by culturable separation technology and a solution adsorption experiment. The enhancement of Cd and Pb immobilization and lettuce growth by the strains was also investigated in a hydroponic experiment. The results showed that 400 strains belonging to 3 phyla and 14 genera were isolated from the HY sample, with β-Proteobacteria being the dominant phylum. Meanwhile, 400 strains belonging to 4 phyla and 30 genera were isolated from the DK sample, with Firmicutes being the dominant phylum. A total of 146 strains had a strong ability to immobilize heavy metal and the Cd and Pb removal rates were greater than 80% in the HY sample; Brevundimonas, Serratia, Arthrobacter, and Pseudarthrobacter were the main genera. However, 44 strains had a strong ability to immobilize heavy metal and the Cd and Pb removal rates were greater than 80% in the DK sample, with Bacillus being the main genus. Compared with the control, inoculation with Serratia liquefaciens HY-22, Bacillus thuringiensis HY-53, and Acinetobacter lwoffii HY-157 significantly increased the dry weight of roots (7.5%-77.6%) and shoots (15.4%-67.2%) of the Italian lettuce and cauliflower lettuce and reduced the contents of Cd (38.7%-66.6%) and Pb (34.7%-62.5%) in roots and shoots of Italian lettuce. In addition, the contents of Cd and Pb in the fresh shoots of Italian lettuce and cauliflower lettuce in the presence of Bacillus thuringiensis HY-53 were lower than the Cd and Pb limits set by national food safety standards. Thus, the results provided strain resources and a theoretical basis for the remediation of Cd-and Pb-contaminated farmlands for the safe production of crops. |
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