| 民用固体燃料源的IVOCs排放特征及燃烧温度的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3370 全文点击 1084 投稿时间：2019-04-12 修订日期：2019-05-13 |
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| 中文关键词 中等挥发性有机物(IVOCs) 民用固体燃料 校正燃烧效率(MCE) 燃烧温度 排放因子 |
| 英文关键词 intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) residential solid fuels modified combustion efficiency (MCE) burning temperature emission factor |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 中等挥发性有机物（intermediate-volatility organic compounds，IVOCs）是近年备受关注的二次有机气溶胶的重要前体物，但目前急需包括民用固体燃料燃烧在内的源排放数据.本文选择两种成熟度不同的烟煤（灵武煤和徐州煤）和两种生物质（稻秆和松木）为研究对象，结合石英管式炉和稀释通道开展7个温度点（300~900℃，以100℃为间隔）的燃烧实验，采集和分析烟气中的IVOCs，探讨煤和生物质燃烧的IVOCs排放因子、组成以及燃烧温度的影响.结果表明，生物质燃烧的IVOCs平均排放因子［（483±182）mg·kg-1］比烟煤［（190±108）mg·kg-1］高2.5倍；组成方面，生物质和煤的IVOCs均以剩余UCM占主导［分别为（81±11）%和（68±6）%］，而生物质排放的正构及支链烷烃占比明显低于烟煤，但芳香烃略高；燃烧温度对两类燃料的影响存在显著区别：烟煤（以灵武煤为例）的IVOCs在500℃［（340±113）mg·kg-1］比900℃［（63±15）mg·kg-1］高5.4倍，而生物质在400~500℃和800~900℃时呈现两个含量相当的峰值；随着燃烧温度提升，松木IVOCs中芳香烃的占比从1%增加到29%，剩余UCM则从92%降低到61%，烟煤的变化幅度则很小.进一步结合校正燃烧效率对两类燃料和燃烧温度影响IVOCs排放的机理进行了解释. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) are important precursors of secondary organic aerosols that have received much recent attention; however, there is a lack of emission data for IVOCs from combustion sources, especially for residential solid fuel combustion. In this study, two bituminous coals with different geological maturity (XZ and LW) and two biomass types (rice stalk and pinewood) were tested at seven temperature points (300-900℃ with an interval of 100℃) using a quartz tube furnace together with a dilution sampling system. The results showed that the averaged emission factor for IVOCs from biomass combustion[(483±182) mg·kg-1] was 2.5 times higher than that of bituminous coal combustion (190±108) mg·kg-1. The remaining unresolved complex mixture (UCM) dominated the IVOC content for both biomass and coal combustions (81%±11% and 68%±6%, respectively). The fraction of normal and branched alkanes for biomass combustions was lower than for coal combustion, while the fraction of aromatics was higher. The effect of temperature on the emission of IVOCs and their composition was significantly different between the two types of fuel. The emission factor for IVOCs from coal (using LW as an example) at 500℃[(340±113) mg·kg-1] was 5.4 times higher than at 900℃[(63±15) mg·kg-1], while two comparable peaks are observed at 400-500℃ and 800-900℃. As the combustion temperature increased, the proportion of aromatic hydrocarbons in pinewood IVOCs increased from 1% to 29%, while the remaining UCM decreased from 92% to 61%. However, there was little variation for coal combustion. The effects of fuel type and temperature on the emission of IVOCs were further explained with respect to the modified combustion efficiency (MCE). |
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