| 银川市湿地表层水中多环芳烃的分布、来源及生态风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1767 全文点击 640 投稿时间：2018-12-11 修订日期：2019-01-14 |
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| 中文关键词 多环芳烃(PAHs) 银川 污染特征 来源解析 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Yinchuan pollution characteristics source apportionment ecological risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为研究银川市湿地表层水中多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布、来源与生态风险，采集丰水期和枯水期15个湿地水样，采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定水样中16种PAHs的质量浓度，分析了丰水期和枯水期中PAHs的组成，分别运用主成分分析法和正定矩阵因子分解模型对水样中的PAHs进行来源解析，并根据忽略浓度（NCs）及最大允许浓度（MPCs）通过风险熵值法进行生态风险评价.结果表明：①枯水期15个水样中检测出8种多环芳烃，ΣPAHs的浓度范围为1455.38~2538.84 ng·L-1，丰水期15个水样中检测出12种多环芳烃，ΣPAHs的浓度范围为818.69~1582.14 ng·L-1，枯水期PAHs的浓度普遍高于丰水期.与国内外其它水体相比处于中高污染水平.②枯水期PAHs以3环~5环为主，高低环比例不明显，2~3环占比为35.6%~59.2%，4~6环占比为40.8%~59.7%；丰水期PAHs以4环和5环为主，低高环占比分别为10.2%~45.07%、54.92%~89.76%，高环较低环占比较高；③利用主成分分析法及正定矩阵因子分解法对丰水期和枯水期水体中PAHs的来源进行解析，结果表明其PAHs的主要来源为燃烧源及交通污染源.④风险熵值法分析显示银川市湿地水体中枯水期及丰水期的BaA、BbF、InP、DBA和BghiP单体和枯水期的Phe的最高风险浓度风险熵值（RQMPCs）均大于1，可能已经引起一定程度的污染，需引起重视；枯水期表层水中Nap及丰水期表层水中Nap、Ace、Fla、Pyr和BaP的最低风险浓度风险熵值（RQNCs）均大于1，说明这些单体PAHs可能造成中等程度的污染，需要对PAHs污染加强控制. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the composition, sources and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water from Yinchuan wetlands, water samples were collected in the dry season and plentiful season from 15 wetlands. Sixteen species of PAHs were analyzed by gas-mass spectrometry, and source identification of PAHs was investigated by PCA and EPA positive matrix factorization 5.0. Ecological risk was assessed using the risk entropy method based on the neglected concentrations (NCs) and the maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs). The results showed that:① in the dry season, eight kinds of PAHs were detected, the concentrations of which ranged from 1455.38 ng·L-1to 2538.84 ng·L-1. In the plentiful season, 12 kinds of PAHs were detected, the concentrations of which ranged from 818.69 ng·L-1 to 1582.14 ng·L-1. The concentrations of PAHs in the dry season in Yinchuan were higher than that during the plentiful season. Compared with other domestic and overseas surface waters, PAH pollution was high; ② in the dry season, PAHs were mainly composed of 3-5 rings, and 2-3 and 4-6rings accounted for 35.6%-59.2% and 40.8%-59.7%, respectively. In the plentiful season, PAHs were mainly composed of 4-5 rings, and 2-3 and 4-6rings accounted for 10.2%-45.07% and 54.92%-89.76%, respectively; ③ the source analysis showed that in both the dry season and in the plentiful season, the main source were combustion and automobile emissions; ④ the ecological risk assessment indicated that the RQMPCs of BaA, BbF, InP, DBA, and BghiP during both the dry and plentiful seasons, and RQMPCs of Phe during the dry season, were higher than 1.0, indicating that attention needs to be paid to pollution levels. The RQNCs of Nap, Ace, Fla, Pyr, and BaP during the plentiful season and the RQNCs of Nap during the dry season were higher than 1.0, indicating the pollution risk was moderate and control and prevision of pollution from PAHs are required in the region. |
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