| 不同秸秆翻埋还田对旱地和水田土壤微生物群落结构的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2837 全文点击 1045 投稿时间：2015-04-13 修订日期：2015-06-15 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 秸秆 土壤微生物群落 PLFA 旱地 水田 |
| 英文关键词 staw soil microbial communities PLFA dry farming water farming |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 以水稻、 小麦、 玉米秸秆和油菜、 蚕豆青秆为研究对象,采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)方法,并结合主成分分析方法,研究了不同秸秆翻埋还田对旱地和水田土壤微生物数量、 菌群分布、 群落结构特征等的影响. PLFA分析结果表明, 旱地土壤PLFA总量变幅为8.35~25.15 nmol ·g-1,大小顺序为油菜 >蚕豆 >玉米 >水稻 >小麦,5种秸秆翻埋还田均能提高土壤微生物PLFA总量,其中油菜、 蚕豆处理分别是不加秸秆处理的2.18、 2.08倍,差异显著; 5种秸秆处理各菌群PLFA量均高于不加秸秆处理,其中真菌量均显著提高,微生物群落物种丰富度值也显著提高. 水田土壤PLFA总量变幅为4.04~22.19 nmol ·g-1,大小顺序为水稻 >玉米 >小麦 >油菜 >蚕豆,其中油菜和蚕豆处理低于不加秸秆处理; 除蚕豆外其余秸秆处理真菌PLFA量均显著高于不加秸秆处理,蚕豆处理细菌和PLFA总量均显著低于其他处理,各处理间放线菌、 革兰氏阳性菌(G+)、 革兰氏阴性菌(G-)无显著差异; 水稻、 小麦、 玉米、 油菜均能显著提高水田土壤微生物的物种丰富度指数和优势度指数. 主成分分析结果表明蚕豆青秆对旱地土壤微生物群落结构影响最大,油菜青秆和小麦秸秆对水田土壤微生物群落结构影响最大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on rice, wheat, corn straw and rape, broad bean green stalk as the research object, using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method, combining principal component analysis method to study the soil microbial quantity, distribution of flora, community structure characteristics under dry and water farming as two different cultivated land use types. The PLFA analysis results showed that: under dry farming, total PLFA quantity ranged 8.35-25.15 nmol ·g-1, showed rape >broad bean >corn> rice> wheat, rape and broad bean significantly increased total PLFA quantity by 1.18 and 1.08 times compared to the treatment without straw; PLFA quantity of bacterial flora in treatments with straws was higher than that without straw, and fungal biomass was significantly increased, so was the species richness of microbial community. Under water faming, the treatments of different straws returning with landfill have improved the PLFA quantity of total soil microbial and flora comparing with the treatment without straw, fungi significantly increased, and species richness of microbial communities value also increased significantly. Total PLFA quantity ranged 4.04-22.19 nmol ·g-1,showed rice >corn >wheat >broad bean >rape, which in rape and broad bean treatments were lower than the treatment without straw; fungal PLFA amount in 5 kinds of straw except broad bean treatment was significantly higher than that of the treatment without straw, bacteria and total PLFA quantity in broad bean processing were significantly lower than those of other treatments, actinomycetes, G+, G-had no significant difference between all treatments; rice, wheat, corn, rape could significantly increase the soil microbial species richness index and dominance index under water faming. The results of principal component analysis showed that broad bean green stalk had the greatest impact on the microbial community structure in the dry soil, rape green stalk and wheat straw had the biggest influence on soil microbial community structure in water soil. |
|
|
|
