| 硝酸盐抑制油田采出水中硫酸盐还原菌活性研究 |
| 摘要点击 3736 全文点击 1946 投稿时间：2013-04-10 修订日期：2013-05-02 |
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| 中文关键词 硫酸盐还原菌 油藏酸化 硝酸盐还原菌 大庆油田 采出水 |
| 英文关键词 sulfate-reducing bacteria souring of oil reservoir nitrate-reducing bacteria Daqing Oilfield produced water |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）的生长代谢可导致油藏酸化，进而引发一系列环境和腐蚀等问题. 硝酸盐（NO3-）补加及对硝酸盐还原菌（NRB）的调控是抑制 SRB活性进而控制油藏酸化的重要策略. 本研究从大庆油田水驱采出液中分离筛选出了1株兼性自养的NRB菌株DNB-8，并分析了在有机碳源充足的条件下不同浓度的 NO3-结合使用该菌株抑制SRB富集培养物SO42-还原活性的作用效果与机制. 结果表明，浓度≤1.0 mmol·L-1的NO3-无法抑制SRB的SO42-还原活性；NO3-浓度>1.0 mmol·L-1或NO2-浓度>0.45 mmol·L-1均可有效抑制SRB的SO42-还原活性. 此时，NRB对有机碳源的竞争以及在利用NO3-的同时产生的NO2-是抑制SRB活性的主要机制. 另外，大庆油田采出水中SRB富集培养物的细胞内存在异化NO3-还原生成NH4+的代谢途径（NO2-为中间产物）. 当NO3-浓度较高时，SRB可能通过该代谢途径减轻NO2-引起的抑制效应. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Growth and metabolic activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can result in souring of oil reservoirs, leading to various problems in aspects of environmental pollution and corrosion. Nitrate addition and management of nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) offer potential solutions to controlling souring in oil reservoirs. In this paper, a facultive chemolithotrophic NRB, designated as DNB-8, was isolated from the produced fluid of a water-flooded oil reservoir at Daqing oilfield. Then the efficacies and mechanisms of various concentrations of nitrate in combination with DNB-8 in the inhibition of the activity of SRB enriched culture were compared. Results showed that 1.0 mmol·L-1 of nitrate or 0.45 mmol·L-1 of nitrite inhibited the sulfate-reducing activity of SRB enrichments; the competitive reduction of nitrate by DNB-8 and the nitrite produced were responsible for the suppression. Besides, the SRB enrichment cultures showed a metabolic pathway of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) via nitrite. The SRB cultures could possibly alleviate the nitrite inhibition by DNRA when they were subjected to high-strength nitrate. |
