| 中国农田土壤重金属污染分析与评价 |
| 摘要点击 683 全文点击 77 投稿时间：2023-05-29 修订日期：2023-07-29 |
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| 中文关键词 中国农田 土壤重金属 空间分布 污染评价 Meta分析 |
| 英文关键词 Chinese arable land heavy metal spatial distribution pollution evaluation Meta-analysis |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为掌握中国农田土壤八大重金属元素（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn）的污染现状,探究其时空变化和在不同耕地类型之间的差异,通过中国知网和Web of Science收集并整理了2005~2021年449篇相关文献数据,采用基于“样点数”、“研究区面积”和“标准差”的加权方式进行Meta分析.结果显示,中国农田土壤八大重金属的含量平均值为：ω（As）11.00 mg·kg-1、ω（Cd）0.350 2 mg·kg-1、ω（Cr）62.91 mg·kg-1、ω（Cu）28.87 mg·kg-1、ω（Hg）0.135 1 mg·kg-1、ω（Ni）28.91 mg·kg-1、ω（Pb）34.67 mg·kg-1和ω（Zn）90.24 mg·kg-1.与土壤背景值相比,中国农田土壤中各重金属元素（除As外）均存在一定累积,其中Cd和Hg的累积量最大,分别超过对应土壤背景值177.9%和340.3%.污染评价结果表明,我国农田土壤重金属污染以Cd和Hg为主,人类活动是造成其在土壤中累积的主要影响因子；从时空变化上看,云贵高原和东部沿海是污染案例最集中的区域,污染重心随时间变化由长江中游向西南地区偏移；不同耕地类型之间土壤重金属含量存在差异,蔬菜地和水田中重金属的累积量明显大于其他耕地类型. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In this study, a Meta-analysis was used to investigate the pollution status of eight farmland soil heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in China. Meanwhile, their spatiotemporal changes and differences between different types of cultivated land were explored. The research data were chosen from 449 relevant literature data collected by CNKI and Web of Science from 2005 to 2021, and the Meta-analysis used a weighted method based on "sampling numbers", "study area", and "standard deviation". The results showed that the national average values of the eight heavy metal elements in Chinese farmland soil were ω(As)11.00 mg·kg-1, ω(Cd)0.350 2 mg·kg-1, ω(Cr)62.91 mg·kg-1, ω(Cu)28.87 mg·kg-1, ω(Hg)0.135 1 mg·kg-1, ω(Ni)28.91 mg·kg-1, ω(Pb)34.67 mg·kg-1,and ω(Zn)90.24 mg·kg-1. Compared with their background values, all elements except As accumulated to some extent, and Cd and Hg accumulated the most, exceeding their background values by 177.9% and 340.3%, respectively. The research results indicated that Cd and Hg were the main pollution elements in farmland soil in China, and their accumulation was mainly influenced by human activities. In terms of their temporal and spatial changes, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the eastern coast were the most concentrated areas of pollution cases, and the pollution center shifted from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River to the southwest over time. The accumulation of heavy metals in farmland soil was affected by crop planting types, and the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetable and paddy soil was significantly greater than that in other cultivated land types. |
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