| 某燃煤电厂周边农田土壤重金属污染特征及源解析 |
| 摘要点击 1102 全文点击 376 投稿时间：2022-12-12 修订日期：2023-02-17 |
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| 中文关键词 燃煤电厂 土壤 重金属 生态风险 PMF模型 |
| 英文关键词 coal power plant soil heavy metals ecological risk PMF model |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究某燃煤电厂污染物排放中重金属对周边农田土壤环境的影响，采用辐射环形法，以电厂烟囱为中心，布设31个农田土壤采样点.使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定土壤中10种重金属含量，分析土壤中重金属含量特征及潜在生态风险，基于地统计空间插值和AERMOD扩散模型对重金属空间分异情况和污染特征进行探究，并运用PMF受体模型对重金属进行源解析.结果表明：①燃煤电厂周边农田土壤重金属ω（Pb）、ω（Mn）、ω（Zn）、ω（Cr）、ω（Ni）、ω（Cu）、ω（As）、ω（Co）、ω（Hg）和ω（Cd）的平均值分别为414.46、286.38、155.22、69.54、55.77、53.48、31.73、19.86、0.78和0.71 mg·kg-1，其中Hg、Pb、Cd、As、Zn、Cu、Co、Cr和Ni的含量均超过陕西省土壤背景值，分别为背景值的26、19.36、7.88、2.83、2.23、2.49、1.87、1.11和1.93倍，元素Cd、Cr、Ni和Zn的高值区出现在电厂西北方向.②燃煤电厂周边农田土壤重金属潜在生态风险指数（RI）的均值为714.53，整体处于很强的生态风险水平，并在千河火车站、石油天然气公司附近出现高值富集区，Hg元素的单项潜在生态风险指数（Ei）为520.92，处于极强的生态风险水平.③燃煤电厂周边农田土壤重金属主要来源为煤炭燃烧的降尘源（32.16%）、工农业活动源（19.78%）、自然源（26.25%）和交通源（21.81%）.土壤重金属含量较高值均分布在距电厂1~2 km范围内，重金属含量在距离电厂1 km范围内较小，在1~2 km范围逐渐增大，大于2 km后又呈逐渐减小趋势.研究得出的电厂周边农田土壤重金属空间分异情况及富集特征，可为开展土壤污染治理提供理论及数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To explore the impact of heavy metals in pollutant emissions from a coal-fired power plant on the soil environment of surrounding farmland, 31 farmland soil sampling sites were set up with the chimney of the power plant as the center using the radiation ring method. The contents of 10 heavy metals in the soil were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The characteristics and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in the soil were analyzed. The spatial differentiation and pollution characteristics of heavy metals were investigated based on geostatistical spatial interpolation and an AERMOD diffusion model, and the source analysis of heavy metals was conducted using a PMF receptor model. The results showed that:① the mean contents of the heavy metals ω(Pb), ω(Mn), ω(Zn), ω(Cr), ω(Ni), ω(Cu), ω(As), ω(Co), ω(Hg), and ω(Cd) in farmland around coal-fired power plants were 414.46, 286.38, 155.22, 69.54, 55.77, 53.48, 31.73, 19.86, 0.78, and 0.71 mg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Cu all exceeded the background values of Shaanxi Province by 26, 19.36, 7.88, 2.83, 2.23, 2.49, 1.87, 1.11, and 1.93 times, respectively. ② The mean value of the potential ecological risk index(RI) of heavy metals in the soil around the coal-fired power plant was 714.53, indicating a strong ecological risk level, and there were high-value rich areas near the Qianhe railway station and the oil and gas company. The single potential ecological risk index(Ei) of the Hg element was 520.92, which was at a very strong ecological risk level. ③ The main sources of heavy metals in the soil around the coal-fired power plant were dust removal sources from coal burning(32.16%), industrial and agricultural activities(19.78%), natural sources(26.25%), and traffic sources(21.81%). The high heavy metal content in the soil was distributed in the range of 1-2 km from the power plant, whereas the heavy metal content was low in the range of 1 km from the power plant, increasing gradually in the range of 1-2 km and then decreasing gradually when it was greater than 2 km. The spatial differentiation and enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in farmland around the power plant obtained in this study can provide theoretical and data support for soil pollution control. |
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