| 黄河下游悬河段饮用水源地土壤重金属污染、来源及健康风险 |
| 摘要点击 1452 全文点击 377 投稿时间：2022-11-25 修订日期：2023-02-16 |
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| 中文关键词 饮用水源地 土壤重金属 地累积指数 源解析 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 water source soil heavy metals geo-accumulation index source apportionment health risk |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 彭超月 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | pengcy2021@163.com | | 任翀 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | | | 申浩欣 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | | | 王艳锋 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004 | | | 段海静 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室, 开封 475004
河南大学土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | jingjingd1983@126.com | | 王玉龙 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室, 开封 475004
河南大学土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | | | 李旭辉 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室, 开封 475004
河南大学土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | | | 刘德新 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室, 开封 475004
河南大学土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | | | 马建华 | 河南大学地理与环境学院, 开封 475004
河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室, 开封 475004
河南大学土壤重金属污染控制与修复工程研究中心, 开封 475004 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 选择黄河下游典型悬河段饮用水源地（黑池和柳池）土壤为研究对象，运用地累积指数与污染负荷指数分析7种（Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb和As）重金属污染特征，运用相关性分析和主成分分析等定性和绝对因子得分-多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）定量相结合的方法开展源解析，利用美国环保署（USEPA）推荐的健康风险评价模型分析土壤重金属对人体健康影响，并结合APCS-MLR模型分析污染源对健康风险的贡献率.结果表明，水源地周边土壤重金属ω（Cr）、ω（Ni）、ω（Cu）、ω（Zn）、ω（Cd）、ω（Pb）和ω（As）的均值依次为60.27、30.00、35.14、77.75、0.38、21.74和9.70 mg·kg-1，除As外，元素Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb含量均高于黄河下游潮土区土壤元素背景值，而柳池周围土壤Cu和Zn含量明显高于黑池，其他重金属含量差别较小；地累积指数与单因子指数均显示黑池和柳池存在重金属轻度污染，Cd是主要的污染因子，污染负荷指数模型显示研究区无污染和轻度污染样点数分别占总样点数的5%和95%，表明研究区整体处于轻度污染水平；源解析表明Cr、Ni、Cu和As主要受成土母质影响；APCS-MLR模型解析结果表明，研究区土壤污染物主要来自自然源、交通源、农业源和未知源，其来源贡献率依次为42.95%、23.39%、16.95%和16.71%；健康风险评价模型结果显示，重金属对成人和儿童无非致癌风险，存在人体可耐受的致癌风险，儿童的非致癌风险和致癌风险均高于成人.As为主要非致癌因子，Ni为主要致癌因子.无论是成人或儿童，4种污染源的非致癌和致癌风险贡献率均为：自然源>未知源>交通源>农业源，其中自然源对非致癌和致癌风险贡献率最大.因此研究黄河下游悬河段水源地周边土壤污染特征、来源及对人体健康影响，对于水源地保护具有重要意义，同时为黄河沿线生态环境高质量发展提供理论支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With the implementation of ecological protection and a high-quality development strategy in the Yellow River Basin, the environmental conditions around the Yellow River have attracted wide attention from scholars. In this study, the soil of drinking water sources(Heichi and Liuchi) in the typical suspended reach of the lower reaches of the Yellow River was selected as the research object. The geo-accumulation index and pollution load index were used to analyze the pollution characteristics of seven heavy metals(Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and As), and correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and absolute factor score-multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR) were employed to reveal the sources of soil heavy metals from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. The health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA) was used to analyze the impact of soil heavy metals on human health, and the contribution rate of pollution sources to health risks was analyzed by combining the APCS-MLR model. The results showed that the average values of ω(Cr), ω(Ni), ω(Cu), ω(Zn), ω(Cd), ω(Pb), and ω(As) in the soil around the water source were 60.27, 30.00, 35.14, 77.75, 0.38, 21.74, and 9.70 mg·kg-1, respectively. Except for As, the contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were higher than the background values of soil elements in the fluvo-aquic soil area of the lower Yellow River, whereas the contents of Cu and Zn in the soil around Liuchi were significantly higher than those in Heichi. Both the geo-accumulation index and the single-factor index showed that the black pond and the willow pond were slightly polluted by heavy metals, and Cd was the main pollution factor. The pollution load index model showed that the number of non-polluted and mildly polluted samples in the study area accounted for 5% and 95% of the total samples, respectively, indicating that the study area was at a mild pollution level. The source apportionment showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, and As were mainly affected by parent materials. The analysis results of the APCS-MLR model showed that the soil pollutants in the study area were mainly from natural sources, traffic sources, agricultural sources, and unknown sources, and their contribution rates were 42.95%, 23.39%, 16.95%, and 16.71%, respectively. The health risk assessment showed that As was the main non-carcinogenic factor, and Ni was the main carcinogenic factor. The non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals to adults and children was negligible, and there was a tolerable carcinogenic risk to the human body. For both adults and children, the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk contribution rates of the four pollution sources were:natural sources>unknown sources>traffic sources>agricultural sources, among which natural sources contributed the most to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the characteristics, sources, and effects of soil pollution on human health around the water source area of the suspended reach of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which is of great significance for the protection of water sources and provides theoretical support for the high-quality development of the ecological environment along the Yellow River. |
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