| 珠江源块泽河流域地表水水化学特征及控制因素 |
| 摘要点击 1370 全文点击 388 投稿时间：2022-12-27 修订日期：2023-01-23 |
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| 中文关键词 块泽河 地表水 水化学特征 APCS-MLR模型 珠江源 |
| 英文关键词 Kuaize River surface water hydrochemical characteristics APCS-MLR model Upper Pearl River |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陶兰初 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | 690286149@qq.com | | 寸得欣 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | | | 涂春霖 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院, 北京 100083 | 475186143@qq.com | | 马一奇 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | | | 刘振南 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | | | 尹林虎 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | | | 和成忠 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | | | 庞龙 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100 | | | 张七道 | 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心, 自然资源部自然生态系统碳汇工程技术创新中心, 昆明 650100
中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院, 武汉 430074 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 块泽河流域属于珠江源区典型的岩溶小流域，同时也是滇东重要的煤炭产区，生态环境脆弱.加强区内水环境研究，对支撑珠江源区生态环境综合治理和水资源科学管理具有重要作用.通过系统采集地表水、岩溶地下水和矿井水样品，运用数理统计分析、相关性分析、离子比值分析以及绝对因子分析-多元线性回归受体模型（APCS-MLR）等方法，对块泽河流域水化学演化特征及控制因素进行了研究.结果表明：块泽河流域地表水pH平均值为7.8，呈弱碱性.阳离子主要以Ca2+和Na+为主，呈现Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+的特征，阴离子主要以HCO3-和SO42-为主，呈现HCO3->SO42->NO3->Cl-的特征.地表水中Na+、SO42-和NO3-变异系数较高，表现出很强的空间变异性.块泽河干流水化学类型主要为HCO3-Ca型，支流水化学类型较为复杂，主要为HCO3-Ca型、HCO3-Ca·Na和HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na型.地表水水化学组分主要受岩石风化作用、阳离子交换作用以及人类活动的影响.地表水中Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+和HCO3-主要来源于碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩的风化，SO42-主要来源于煤层中黄铁矿等硫化物氧化，K+、Cl-和NO3-则主要是来源于生活污水和农业活动.APCS-MLR分析进一步表明，块泽河流域地表水主要受硫化物氧化、碳酸盐岩风化、矿井水硅酸盐岩风化、生活污水、农业活动和未知源这6个因子的影响，其贡献率分别为7.99%、32.99%、10.37%、18.02%、10.79%和19.91%，其中硫化物氧化和矿井水硅酸盐岩风化可视为矿业活动的影响，二者对地表水的贡献率为18.36%.总体来看，矿业活动、生活污水和农业活动等人类活动对河水贡献率达到47.17%，说明人类活动是块泽河流域地表水水化学的关键驱动因子. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Kuaize River is a small typical karst watershed in the source area of the Pearl River as well as an important coal mining area in Eastern Yunnan with a fragile ecological environment. Strengthening the research on the water environment in the region plays an important role in supporting the comprehensive management of the ecological environment and water resources in the source region of the Pearl River. Through the systematic collection of surface water, karst groundwater, and mine water samples, mathematical statistics analysis, correlation analysis, ion ratio analysis, absolute principal component scores multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR), and other methods were used to study the characteristics of hydrochemical evolution and control factors in Kuaize River Basin. The results showed that the average pH value of surface water in Kuaize River Basin was 7.8, which was weakly alkaline. The main cations were Ca2+ and Na+, showing the characteristics of Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+. The main anions were HCO3- and SO42-, showing the characteristics of HCO3->SO42->NO3->Cl-. The variation coefficients of Na+, SO42-, and NO3- in surface water were high, showing strong spatial variability. The water chemical type of the trunk stream was mainly HCO3-Ca, whereas the water chemical type of the tributary was relatively complex, mainly HCO3-Ca, HCO3-Ca·Na, and HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na. The chemical composition of surface water was mainly affected by rock weathering, cation exchange, and human activities. Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and HCO3- in surface water mainly came from the weathering of carbonate rock and silicate rock; SO42- mainly came from the oxidation of sulfide, such as pyrite in coal seams; K+, Cl-, and NO3- mainly came from domestic sewage and agricultural activities. The APCS-MLR receptor model analysis results showed that the surface water in the Kuaize River Basin was mainly affected by sulfide oxidation, carbonate weathering, weathering of silicate rock in mine water, domestic sewage, agricultural activities, and unknown sources. In general, the contribution rate of human activities such as mining, domestic sewage, and agricultural activities to the surface water reached 47.17%, indicating that human activities were the key driving factor of surface water chemistry in the Kuaize River Basin. |
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