| 中国农田土壤Cd累积分布特征及概率风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1634 全文点击 474 投稿时间：2022-06-14 修订日期：2022-09-13 |
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| 中文关键词 镉 农田土壤 蒙特卡洛模拟 健康风险评价 空间分布 |
| 英文关键词 cadmium(Cd) agriculture soils Monte Carlo simulation health risk assessment spatial distribution |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过检索2000~2022年国内外公开发表的文献资料，获得31个省240个市（县）区域160446个农田土壤样点的镉（Cd）含量数据，利用单因子污染指数、地累积指数和概率风险评价方法从整体上分析了我国农田土壤Cd污染时空分布特征及其健康风险，为农田土壤Cd污染治理和风险管控提供了科学依据.结果表明，我国农田土壤ω（Cd）范围在0.012~23.33 mg ·kg-1，几何均值为0.473 mg ·kg-1，是我国农用地土壤Cd风险筛选值（6.5华南>西北>东北>华东>华北；从时间尺度来看，我国农田土壤Cd含量在各时间段并无统计学意义的显著性差异（P>0.05）.我国农田土壤Cd对儿童、青年、成年人和老年人尚无非致癌风险，但其对成年人和老年人存在潜在致癌风险，约5.81%和4.49%的成年人和老年人的致癌风险超过美国环保署规定的限量值（1E-06）.为提高农田土壤Cd健康风险评价的准确性，概率生态风险评价中还需要进一步考虑土壤Cd的生物有效性和农产品的摄食暴露途径. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand cadmium (Cd) pollution status and associated health risks in agricultural soils of China, a database including Cd concentrations of 160446 soil samples from 240 cities (counties) in 31 provinces was constructed based on domestic and foreign literature. The contamination factor and geochemical accumulation index were applied to explore the pollution level of Cd, and then health risks for different population groups were evaluated with the probabilistic risk assessment method based on Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicated that soil Cd concentrations in China ranged from 0.012 to 23.33 mg·kg-1, with the geometric mean of 0.473 mg·kg-1, which was 1.58 times the risk screening value of heavy metals in the soil of agricultural land (GB 15186-2018) (6.5P>0.05). Cd pollution in agricultural soils was mainly distributed in Yunnan, Hunan, Guangxi, and Gansu provinces in China, which may have been related to the mining and smelting activities. The non-carcinogenic risks for all the population groups could be negligible, whereas there were potential carcinogenic risks for adults and seniors, with 5.81% and 4.49% of carcinogenic risk values exceeding the threshold of 1E-06 set by USEPA for adults and seniors, respectively. The results of this study provided valuable information for the pollution prevention and risk control of soil Cd pollution. To improve the accuracy of health risk assessment results, the exposure ingestion route of agricultural products and bioavailability of soil Cd should be considered in the probabilistic ecological risk assessment. |
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