| 西安市冬季道路扬尘中有机质组成特征及其氧化潜势 |
| 摘要点击 1140 全文点击 464 投稿时间：2022-08-27 修订日期：2022-10-11 |
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| 中文关键词 道路扬尘 氧化潜势(OP) 有机碳(OC) 三维荧光光谱(EEM) 类腐殖质物质(HULIS) |
| 英文关键词 road dust oxidation potential (OP) organic carbon (OC) fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) humic-like substances (HULIS) |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 道路是城市人群户外活动暴露大气颗粒物的主要场所，道路颗粒物中含有的某些氧化活性物质是诱导产生活性氧，进而危害人体健康的重要组分.探索西安市道路扬尘中水溶性（WSM）和甲醇溶性组分（MSM）中有机质组成特征及其氧化潜势（OP），并基于平行因子分析（PARAFAC）研究了有机组分以及分布状况，还分析有机质类型与OP之间的相关性.结果表明，西安市道路扬尘中水不溶性组分含有更多的发色团有机物质，其总浓度平均值为（4.71±1.27）×104 R.U.，是WSM的12倍［（3.96±1.10）×103 R.U.］，其中低氧化性类腐殖质（HULIS）是主要有机质（占总有机质的34.8%~43.7%）.聚类分析结果显示西安市道路扬尘中有机质的重要来源为燃料燃烧和工业生产.扬尘氧化毒性（以DTT计）的平均值是（0.34±0.08） pmol ·（min ·μg）-1，其中水不溶性组分提供了扬尘颗粒物总氧化毒性的70%，是水溶性组分的2.4倍.扬尘颗粒物氧化毒性的主要前驱物为金属元素，特殊类型的有机物质也是重要氧化毒性前驱物质之一，其中发色团有机质是WSM组分产生OP的主要原因（r=0.35，P<0.01），WSM中的类蛋白有机质和高氧化HULIS可能是产生OP的主要两类有机物质.但MSM中有机质浓度与水不溶性OP （OP总－OPWSM）无显著相关性（r=-0.04，P>0.1），因此水不溶性颗粒物组分氧化毒性主要产生于非有机质. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Roads are the main places where urban people are exposed to atmospheric particulate matter from outdoor activities, and certain oxidatively active substances contained in road particulate matter are important components that induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn endanger human health. Here, we explored the characteristics of organic matter composition in water-soluble (WSM) and methanol-soluble fractions (MSM) of road dust in Xi'an and its oxidation potential (OP). Additionally, we investigated the organic fractions and their distribution based on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and analyzed the correlation between organic matter types and OP. The results showed that the water-insoluble fraction of road dust in Xi'an contained more chromophoric organic matter with an average total concentration of (4.71±1.27)×104 R.U., which was 12 times higher than that of WSM[(3.96±1.10)×103 R.U.], of which low-oxidizing humic-like substances (HULIS) were the main organic matter (34.8%-43.7% of the total organic matter). The results of cluster analysis showed that the important sources of organic matter in road dust in Xi'an were fuel combustion and industrial production. The mean value of dust oxidative toxicity was (0.34±0.08) pmol·(min·μg)-1, with the water-insoluble fraction providing 70% of the total oxidative toxicity of dust particles, which was 2.4 times higher than the water-soluble fraction. The main precursors of oxidative toxicity of dust particles were metal elements, and special types of organic substances were also one of the important oxidative toxicity precursors, among which chromophore organic matter was the main cause of OP production in the WSM fraction (r=0.35, P<0.01), and protein-like organic matter and highly oxidized HULIS in WSM may have been the main two types of organic substances for OP production. However, there was no significant correlation between organic matter concentration in MSM and water-insoluble OP (OPTotal-OPWSM) (r=-0.04, P>0.1), so the oxidative toxicity of the water-insoluble particulate matter fraction was mainly generated from non-organic matter. |
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