| 高密度聚乙烯微塑料胁迫对棉花生长、枯萎病发生和根际细菌群落的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1396 全文点击 459 投稿时间：2022-05-30 修订日期：2022-07-13 |
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| 中文关键词 高密度聚乙烯 棉花 高通量测序 网络分析 FAPROTAX功能分析 |
| 英文关键词 high-density polyethylene cotton high-throughput sequencing network analysis FAPROTAX function analysis |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张浩 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | zhanghao660@nynu.edu.cn | | 孙洁 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 杨慧颖 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 董联政 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 滑紫微 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 韩辉 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 陈兆进 | 南阳师范学院水资源与环境工程学院, 南阳 473061 | zhaojin_chen@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 塑料地膜，尤其是聚乙烯地膜，在我国农业生产中广泛使用，而其降解形成的微塑料也逐渐在土壤中累积，带来诸多环境问题.目前，农田土壤中微塑料的环境生物学效应已有诸多报道，但微塑料对作物生长、病害发生和根际土壤细菌群落的影响研究较少.前期研究发现1%高密度聚乙烯微塑料（HDPE，500目）处理土壤会提高棉花枯萎病发病率（33.3%），并且抑制棉花生长，而土壤灭菌处理后未发现此现象，推测HDPE通过改变土壤微生物群落，影响棉花生长和枯萎病发生.因此，拟通过高通量测序技术，结合网络分析和FAPROTAX功能分析，探究HDPE对棉花根际土壤细菌群落结构、互作网络和功能的影响，解析HDPE的作用机制.NovaSeq测序显示HDPE处理的棉花根际细菌群落由54个门，472个属组成，门与属组成数量均少于无菌水处理土壤.α、β多样性和ANOSIM/Adonis分析表明，HDPE显著降低细菌群落的丰富度，并改变群落结构组成.基于T-test分析差异物种，HDPE显著降低土壤中具有潜在生物防治、污染物降解和抗真菌药物合成功能菌属的相对丰度，如Kribbella、Massilia、Hailiangium和Ramlibacter等.细菌群落的改变导致土壤细菌功能的变化，进一步通过FAPROTAX功能分析可知，HDPE弱化棉花根际土壤细菌部分生物化学功能，如化能异养、发酵和硝酸盐还原等.属水平物种相关性网络分析表明HDPE处理减弱了根际细菌间的相互作用，减少正相关连接数，增加负相关连接数，简化网络结构，改变关键菌群.以上结果表明HDPE可通过改变棉花根际细菌群落、相互作用与功能代谢，影响棉花的生长与枯萎病发生，可为评价聚乙烯微塑料生态风险与污染土壤修复提供指导. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Plastic mulch, especially polyethylene mulch, is widely used in agricultural production in China, but the microplastics formed by its degradation gradually have accumulated in soil, causing a series of environmental problems. At present, there have been many reports on the environmental biological effects of microplastics in farmland soil, but studies on the effects of microplastics on crop growth, disease occurrence, and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities are still lacking. In the previous study, it was found that 1% high-density polyethylene (HDPE, 500 mesh) could increase the incidence rate of cotton Fusarium wilt (33.3%) and inhibit growth, but this phenomenon was not found after soil sterilization. It was speculated that HDPE could affect the growth and occurrence of Fusarium wilt by regulating the soil microbial community. Therefore, high-throughput sequencing technology, combined with network and FAPROTAX function analysis, were used to investigate the effects of HDPE on the bacterial community structure, interaction network, and soil function in cotton rhizosphere in order to analyze the mechanism of HDPE. NovaSeq sequencing showed that the bacterial community of HDPE-treated cotton rhizosphere soil was composed of 54 phyla and 472 genera; the number of phyla and genera was higher than that in untreated soil. The α and β diversity and ANOSIM/Adonis analyses showed that HDPE significantly reduced the richness of the bacterial community and changed the composition of the community structure. Based on a T-test species difference analysis, HDPE significantly reduced the relative abundance of bacteria with biological control, pollutant degradation, and antifungal drug synthesis (such as Kribbella, Massiliam, Hailiangium, and Ramlibacter).The change in the bacterial community will lead to the change in soil bacterial function. Further analysis of FAPROTAX function revealed that HDPE weakened some biochemical functions of bacteria in the cotton rhizosphere soil, such as aerobic chemoheterotrophy, fermentation, and nitrate reduction. The correlation network at the genus level showed that HDPE treatment weakened the interaction between rhizosphere bacteria, reduced the number of positive correlation connections, increased the number of negative correlation connections, simplified network structure, and changed the key flora. The above results showed that HDPE could reduce the cotton growth and the occurrence of Fusarium wilt by changing the bacterial community, interaction, and functional metabolism in rhizosphere soil, which can provide guidance for evaluating the ecological risk of polyethylene microplastics and the remediation of contaminated soil. |
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