| 贵州省旱地土壤Hg污染状况与玉米安全生产评估 |
| 摘要点击 1182 全文点击 416 投稿时间：2022-05-11 修订日期：2022-07-31 |
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| 中文关键词 贵州 旱地土壤 玉米 汞污染 粮食安全 |
| 英文关键词 Guizhou dryland soil corn mercury pollution food security |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 贵州省是我国Hg产量和储量最大的省份，玉米是其第二大粮食作物，有必要摸清贵州省土壤Hg含量状况，并评估其玉米生产安全性.在玉米主产区采集了990组土壤-玉米样品和270个土壤单一样品，测定土壤pH、阳离子交换量（CEC）和有机质（SOM）含量，以及土壤和玉米中Hg含量.结果表明，贵州省旱地土壤pH在3.93~9.82之间，ω（SOM）几何均值为27.5 g ·kg-1，CEC几何均值为11.7 cmol ·kg-1；土壤ω（Hg）范围为0.005~686 mg ·kg-1，几何均值为0.632mg ·kg-1，样点超标率为7.22%；其中，铜仁市土壤Hg污染最突出，超标率达21.3%；就县级而言，黔东南苗族侗族自治州丹寨县、铜仁市万山区和碧江区土壤Hg点位超标率较高；基于《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》（GB 2762-2017），玉米籽粒Hg含量超标率为1.11%，超标点位主要分布于铜仁市万山区和安顺市西秀区等工矿业活动区周围.由结果可知，贵州省存在土壤Hg污染严重的情况，整体上玉米可实现安全种植，但需要密切关注工矿业区周围籽粒Hg含量和居民Hg暴露风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Guizhou Province is the province with the largest Hg production and reserves in China, and maize is the second largest grain crop in Guizhou Province. It is necessary to identify the status of soil Hg content in Guizhou Province and evaluate the safety of maize production. A total of 990 soil-maize samples and 270 single soil samples were collected in the main maize-producing areas to determine soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic matter content (SOM), as well as Hg content in soil and maize. The results showed that the pH of dryland soil in Guizhou Province ranged from 3.93 to 9.82, the geometric mean of ω(SOM) was 27.5 g·kg-1, and the geometric mean of CEC was 11.7 cmol·kg-1. Soil ω(Hg) ranged from 0.005 to 686 mg·kg-1, the geometric mean was 0.632 mg·kg-1, and the over-standard rate was 7.22%. Among them, the soil Hg pollution in Tongren was the most prominent, with the exceedance rate of 21.3%. At the county level, Danzhai County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, and Tongren City Wanshan District and Bijiang District had high exceedance rates of Hg. According to the Limit of Pollutants in Food according to National Standards for Food Safety (GB 2762-2017), the exceedance rate of Hg content in maize grains was 1.11%, and the exceedance points were mainly distributed around industrial and mining activity areas such as Wanshan District in Tongren City and Xixiu District in Anshun City. According to the results, there was serious soil Hg pollution in Guizhou Province. On the whole, maize can be safely planted, but it is necessary to pay close attention to the Hg content in grains and the Hg exposure risk of residents around industrial and mining areas. |
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